Iran Journal of Nursing

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Rezagholy P, Hannani S, Nasiri Ziba F, Azad N. Association of Sleep Quality and Quality of Life in the Operating Room Technologists at the Teaching Hospitals Affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences. IJN 2019; 32 (120) :26-35
URL: http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3010-en.html

Background & Aim: Sleep is very important for the body to rest and restore its energy, and insufficient and low-quality sleep results in physical and psychological disorders over time. In addition, sleep disorders can disrupt the presentation of job responsibilities in the work environment, and a reduction in sleep quality and quantity leads to an extreme decline in professional performance. Furthermore, sleep disorders are among the most important causes of decreased life quality and well-being and memory impairment, which can be a result of high work pressure and stress. Other factors affecting life quality are demographics and job properties. Life quality is defined as each individual’s perception of their position in life according to cultural conditions and social value system. On the other hand, professional activity can have the highest effect on operating room nurses’ life quality, and a large part of professional activities are affected by stresses related to the sector, responsibilities, duties, risk conditions, intra-group professional relationships and the type of work outside the operating room. Given the importance of sleep quality and life quality in the performance of operating room technicians and the possibility of the effect of these two parameters on the care quality of this profession, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between sleep quality and life quality of operating room technicians working in training hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences.
Materials & Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study performed on 134 operating room technicians selected by convenience sampling. Written informed consent was obtained from the participants following explaining research objectives and methodology and they were ensured of the confidentiality terms regarding their personal information. Data were collected using a demographic characteristic questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the 26-item WHOQOL-BREF. The PSQI encompasses nine items related to seven components of subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. In each scale, a person’s score is between 0 and 3, which are interpreted as follows: no sleep problem (zero scores), moderate sleep problem (one score), serious sleep problem (two scores), and very serious sleep problem (three scores). On this scale, a score above five is indicative of poor sleep quality. The life quality sleep includes an overall score and four subscales of physical health, psychological health, social relations and health of the surrounding environment. First, a raw score is obtained for each subscale, which is converted into a standard score in the range of 0-100. In this regard, a higher score shows higher life quality. In addition, data analysis was performed in SPSS version 22 using multivariate analysis and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Results: In this study, the mean age of the subjects was 34.12 years. In terms of gender, 44.8% (n=60) of the participants were male and 55.2% (n=74) were female. In addition, 47.38% (n=64) were aged 20-30 years, whereas 27.6% (n=37) and 24.6% (n=33) were aged 30-40 years and above 40 years, respectively. The mean sleep quality of the participants was reported to be 8.58±2.9, which demonstrated the poor sleep quality of operating room technicians. In addition, the mean and standard deviation of life quality was 60.44±18.47, which showed moderate life quality of the participants. According to the results, there was a direct and significant correlation between sleep quality and life quality (P<0.05). On the other hand, there was a reverse significant correlation between the components of sleep quality (sleep duration, sleeping medication and daily function disorders) and sleep quality components (physical and psychological health) (P>0.05). There was also a reverse significant relationship between the use of sleeping medication and four components of life quality (physical, psychological, environmental and social health) (P>0.05) (Table 2). Meanwhile, there was no significant relationship between sleep quality and life quality and demographic characteristics (P>0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results of the study, operating room technicians had poor sleep quality and moderate life quality. An increase in the sleep quality of the participants led to an increase in their life quality. Therefore, given the effect of life quality and sleep quality on the health and performance of operating room technicians, officials should provide the conditions for improving these two variables by holding a workshop to offer solutions to regulate sleep patterns and increase the quality of life. Our findings could be used by healthcare managers to develop solutions to create a suitable work environment, prepare welfare and incentive facilities, and create psychological security in employees. In addition, the results of this research can be used in the field of education and design of operating room educational curriculum for teaching during the training courses of operating room students to provide solutions to regulate sleep patterns and improve quality of life.