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Showing 22 results for Performance
Sorayya Shamloo, , , ,
Volume 10, Issue 14 (5-1996)
Volume 10, Issue 14 (5-1996)
Abstract
A quasi experimental study was made to determine the effect of in-service education on knowledge, attitude and behavior for controlling hospital infections among nurses aids working in teaching hospitals supervised by the ministry of medical sciences and health care services (Tehran,1994).
The sample consisted of 75 randomly selected nurses aids who answered the pre and post in service education tests regarding hospital infection control.
The tool was a 2 parts questionnaire. The first part provided information on personal and social characteristics of the subject and the second, including 50 questions in 3 sections measured knowledge (20 questions), attitude (10 questions) and behavior (20 questions) of the subjects on hospital infection control.
Both quantitative and quantitative data were gathered. Further descriptive and inferal statistical tests and measures were employed. Thus Mc Nemar test determined the significance of difference in pre and post test scores.
A T2 test was employed for determining the significance of relationships between in service education values and variables like age, sex, education and past experience of the subjects.
The overall findings showed a positive change in nurses aids, knowledge, attitude and behavior regarding hospital infection control (p<0.05).
Based on the findings suggestions for implementation of measures in nursing service and nursing education were made and further research was recommended.
Mahboobeh- Mohtashamy, , , ,
Volume 10, Issue 14 (5-1996)
Volume 10, Issue 14 (5-1996)
Abstract
The research was a descriptive study to assess knowledge, attitude and practice (kap) of nurses regarding care of elderly patients.
A total of 180 nurses working in medical, surgical and neurology units participated in this study. The tool was a 2 part questionnaire that the first part included demographic characteristics of the subjects like age, sex, marriage, education, past experience in nursing and experience on elderly units.
The second part posed 46 questions regarding assessment of knowledge and attitude towards elderly patient.
The subjects were asked 30 more questions in the form of check list to measure the quality of the care taking of elderly patients.
The results showed that 50% of the nurses had good knowledge about elderly patients and also there was an inverse correlation between their knowledge, age and years of service.
The data also revealed that 71% of nurses had positive attitude, 29% neutral and very low percentage had negative attitudes, also the fact that younger nurses were more positive than older ones. The analysis indicated that as for as the quality of nursing practice for elderly was concerned, 34% ranked good and 34% satisfactory. There was also on inverse correlation between quality of practice and years of service.
The analysis also concluded that in spite of the fact that majority of nurses had good knowledge and attitude but minority had good practice in caring elderly patients.
Maryam Nouri Tajer, , , ,
Volume 12, Issue 16 (5-1998)
Volume 12, Issue 16 (5-1998)
Abstract
This correlational study focused on formal organizations' administrative performance values. It examined the managers' (unit supervisors') employee performance appraisal process in relation to sex and personality differences among unit supervisors in Tehran, Shahid Beheshti and Iran Medical Sciences University hospitals (Tehran, 1996). First 537 male and female managers performing as unit supervisors or head officers in different units of Tehran, Shahid Beheshti and Iran University hospitals, meeting the population criteria were tested by Cattell's non-clinical personality questionnaire and classified in enthusiastic, extrovert, sensitive, tough-minded, self-sufficient, and indecisive personality types. Demographic data was also gathered. Further a total of 220 male and female managers were selected in accordance with their personality type from the total 537 members and were asked to cany out performance appraisal on one of their employees. The tool consisted of two packs: A) Cattell's personality test-questionnaire and B) two employee performance appraisal forms, produced by the staff and labor Organization in 1367
software. The findings indicated a significant correlation between supervisors - sex and personality type and his/her employee performance appraisal, emphasizing the performance appraisal formats strategy and performance, ethical and processing factors. Further, the study outlined two models. One a linear regression, indicative of the managers' employee performance appraisal influencing factors, and the other, a factor analysis model upon which the ethical, processing and performance criteria could be related to the male and famale managers - personality as enthusiastic, extrovert, sensitive, tough-minded, self-sufficient and indecisive type, in Iran, Tehran, and Shahid Beheshti medical sciences university hospitals. In conclusion, based on the findings and their analysis, the researcher suggested the following: 1) Reformation and amendment of the employee appraisal form 2) Re-inforcement of employee appraisal performance |
Gharibi, M, Dabbaghi, F, Kermansaravi, F,
Volume 16, Issue 35 (10-2003)
Volume 16, Issue 35 (10-2003)
Abstract
According to the reports of world health organization (WHO), 80 percent of human diseases are due to contaminated water either for drinking or sanitation. International water sanitation program says that 50 percent of people across the world have no access to healthy water and 75 percent of the third world population do not have water for sanitation. The present semi experimental study aims at determining factors relevant to the chlorination in the families under the coverage of health houses of Sistan and Baluchestan province. Research sample was composed of 2100 households which were under the coverage of health houses of the province. They were investigated in two groups (case and control) on the basis of stratified and random sampling. The findings indicated that 37.5. Percent of households who used 1% chlorine for chlorination, had a comprehensive knowledge about it and of which 23.5 percent belonged to the control group. The results of logestic regression indicated that those who had good or moderate knowledge, used 1% chlorine for chlorination more than the group with poor knowledge. Finding also showed that 98.8 percent in case group and 93.7 percent in the other one had a positive approach to chlorination. Furthermore, a significant correlation was established between approaches and performances of both groups (P<0.05). Meaningful relationships existed between the level of knowledge and approaches, household and ethnicity, the performances and the size of the households (P< 0.05). Reasons for not doing chlorination were awful taste and smell (37.65%), no access to chlorine (26.64%) and time limitation to do so (18.23%), meanwhile, those who were doing chlorination mentioned that prevention of diseases (68.88%), considering sanitary principles (16.06%) and a combination of these two (12.06%) are our reasons for doing this task. To conclude, regarding the results of this study training programs should be considered to enhance awareness about the importance of chlorination and the usage method, in order to prevent undesirable physical damages due to contaminated water.
Es Hajikazemi, Sh. Hossein Mohseni, F Oskouie, H. Haghani,
Volume 18, Issue 43 (10-2005)
Volume 18, Issue 43 (10-2005)
Abstract
Prognancy is a natural process which may create some changes in different parts of body, such as oral and dental systems. The changes might lead to oral diseases if sufficient and permanent care is not provided. For example, improper nutrition, covert oral and dental problems can affect the health of dental organ and even the other parts of body.
The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between awareness, attitude and practice of pregnant women regarding oral and dental care during pregnancy.
The study sample consisted of 320 pregnant women in their 28th -42th week of pregnancy. In this study the stratified random sampling was used.
The results showed that, 5.6% of the subjects had high awareness toward dental hygiene, whereas 65.9% and 28.4% of the women had moderate and low level of awareness respectively. In addition, 30% of the subjects had positive attitude toward dental care, whereas the majority (70%) had negative attitude. Regarding the performance of oral and dental care, only 34.4% had good practice. According to the results of the analysis, of variance there were correlation between variables of the awareness and attitude, awareness and practice and finally attitude and practice of the subjects (P=0.000). Also the correlation coefficient between the variables of awareness and attitude was more than the others (r=0.512). Based on the study findings, the investigators recommend that pregnant women should be educated effectively regarding oral and dental health awareness that might lead to good attitude and practice toward them. In addition it is recommended that the reasons of noncompliance of women toward dental higiene and not receiring dental care, should be assessed in future studies.
N. Seyedfatemi, F. Khoshnava-Foomani, N. Behbahani, F. Hosseini,
Volume 19, Issue 46 (6-2006)
Volume 19, Issue 46 (6-2006)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Drug abuse is a kind of unhealthy behaviour or behavioural disorder especially among adolescents. Ecstasy is one of the most dangerous substance which is abused and has numerous harmful side effects. The aim of the study was to determine knowledge about ecstasy and the rate of ecstasy abuse among adolescents in 1385.
Material & Method: the design was a cross-sectional study that was carried out in the West of Tehran. Eight hundred adolescents who were 16-18 years old and resided in the areas of West Tehran, were selected continously and participated in this study. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire consisted of items regarding knowdge and performance about ecstasy with some questions about demographic information.
Results: The study findings showed that 53.8% of adolescents had moderate knowledge regarding ecstasy. The difference between boys and girls’ knowledge was not statistically significant. With respect to abusing ecstasy, the findings revealed that 7.6% of subjects used ecstasy at least once. Chi square test showed a significant difference between girls and boys performance about estasy abuse (P=0.000, c 2 =19.73). Also there was not any significant relationship between knowledge and performance of the adolescents towards ecstasy abuse. The frequency of abuse of ecstasy was significantly different between male and female adolescents (P=0.000, c ²=19.73). Relationship between knowledge about ecstasy and abuse of it was not significant.
Conclusion: Based on the study findings, establishment of in-service educational programs related to life skills for teachers and parents in order to improve these skills in adolescent pupils are important. Public propagganda through billboards, posters, short messages regarding drug abuse consequences seem to be necessary among adolescents. Also educational programs by famous actors and sportsmen in order to attract public attention to increase knowledge about drug abuse and their harmful side effects will be useful as a preventive strategy.
Rostami, Rahmani, Ghahremanian, Zamanzadeh,
Volume 22, Issue 62 (2-2010)
Volume 22, Issue 62 (2-2010)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The quality of clinical education as the main part of nursing education depends on many factors, including the performance of clinical nurse instructors . The aim of this study was to determine and compare the viewpoints of nurse trainers and student nurses of Bonab and Marageh Azad Islamic Universities regarding the performance of clinical nurse instructors.
Material and Method: In this descriptive-comparative study, all clinical nurse instructors (N= 34) and student nurses (N= 200) of two universities were recruited by census sampling. Inclusion criteria for trainers were having Bachelor of Science (BS) degree, having at least one year working experience of clinical teaching, and not participating in clinical teaching in other universities. An inclusion criterion for students was studying in third or fourth year of BS nursing education. For data gathering, a composed questionnaire was used. The first part of the questionnaire consisted of the demographic data of student nurses and nurse trainers . The second part contained 27 items assessing the viewpoints of the subjects regarding clinical performance of clinical nurse instructors in six dimensions including theoretical and skill competency, instruction skills, communication skills, supportive role, directive role and encourage role. Questionnaires were completed by self report method.
Results: Findings showed that both students and trainers believed that the performance of clinical nurse trainers is weak, but, there were statistically significant differences between their views, as students gave lower scores, in all dimensions, than nurse trainers.
Conclusion: These findings demonstrated the weak performance of BS degree clinical nurse instructors in the universities under study. BS degree clinical nurse instructors play an important role in clinical education of student nurses in Azad Islamic Universities, therefore the nursing responsibles of these universities should provide continuing education for clinical nurse instructors.
Imanipour,
Volume 22, Issue 62 (2-2010)
Volume 22, Issue 62 (2-2010)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Lack of knowledge about correct life style and prevalence of unhealthy behaviors play an important role in increasing cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine knowledge, attitude and performance of educational staff about cardiovascular diseases.
Material and Method: This cross-sectional study was done in 2007 in selected educational districts of Tehran affiliated to ministry of education. In this study, 703 teachers and health instructors participated. Multi-stage sampling was used and the data was collected by a self-report questionnaire consisting 20 awareness questions and 15 attitude questions about cardiovascular risk factors, and 21 questions about performance in diet, physical activity and smoking. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by content validity and test-retest reliability within a 10 days period.
Results: The results showed that 67% of the subjects had good knowledge of and 83.8% of the subjects had positive attitude towards cardiovascular risk factors. The majority of the subjects had moderate or weak performance in nutrition (71.6%) and physical activity (64.4%). Also, 77.7% of the subjects had no smoking history. There was a significantly statistical positive relationship between knowledge and attitude of the subjects (P ≤ 0.0001).
Conclusion: According to the findings, although knowledge and attitude of educational staff about cardiovascular risk factors was good their performance in some aspectss was not acceptable. Therefore, it is suggested to provide effective educational programs for improving the nutrition and physical activity status for teachers and prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases.
Mr Mansoorian, M Hosseiny, Sh Khosravan,
Volume 27, Issue 92 (2-2015)
Volume 27, Issue 92 (2-2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Background & Aim: Nurse manager s’ efficiency plays an important role in the achievement of health care organizations. This study was carried out with the aim of determining nurse managers’ performance in the domains of decision making, planning, direction and evaluation from nurses’ perspective in selected educational centers affiliated to Gonabaad University of Medical Sciences.
Material & Method: It was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. A total of 200 nurses were recruited by census. Data was collected by a researcher made questionnaire to evaluate nurse managers’ performance in the four domains and analyzed by descriptive statistics and inferential test of Chi square using SPSS-PC (v.20).
Results: The results showed that a small percentage of nurse managers (%5/1) had a very good management performance, 31/9% had a good performance, %50 percent had a poor performance and 13% had a very poor management. The results also showed that nurse managers’ performance was poor in the areas of decision making and evaluation, and was good in the domains of planning and guidance from nurses’ perspective.
Conclusion: Regarding the findings, empowerment of nurse managers in different levels to improve their performance is needed.
Ma Morowatisharifabad, E Azad, R Zarezadeh, H Rezaeipandari, Z Pour Movahed, M Karimi,
Volume 28, Issue 93 (4-2015)
Volume 28, Issue 93 (4-2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Background & Aim: kangaroo care as a suitable and effective method of care for low birth weight and premature newborns and also their health promotion has been known in various countries around the world. Regarding the importance of nurses’ knowledge and performance about this kind of care, the study aimed to examine knowledge, performance and perceptions of nurses in NICUs and neonatal units of hospitals in Yazd city about kangaroo care and its barriers.
Material & Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 62 nurses working in NICUs and neonatal units of 6 hospitals of Yazd city. Data was collected by Kangaroo Care Questionnaire (KCQs) and analyzed by person correlation coefficient test using SPSS-PC (v. 16).
Results: According to the findings 69/5% of the sample reported that kangaroo care has been done in their work place and 82.8% reported that they have recommend kangaroo care to mothers. From the samples’ view, nurses’ refuse to participate in kangaroo care (30/9%) and this belief that "Incubator care is more effective than kangaroo care" (37/9%) were the most important barriers to kangaroo care. There was also a significant positive relationship between the constructs of knowledge and benefits with disadvantages and appropriateness (p< 0/01), and nurses’ age and working experience (p<0/05).
Conclusion: Regarding the high percent of participation in kangaroo care, it seems that education and encouragement could be effective for the continuation of the method. In service education is also recommended to remove barriers.
N Mirzaee, F Mohammadi-Shahbolaghi, K Nowroozi, A Biglarian, H Rangin,
Volume 28, Issue 98 (2-2016)
Volume 28, Issue 98 (2-2016)
Abstract
Abstract
Background & Aims: Osteoarthritis is a common disease, and one of the most important causes of disability in the elderly, with impaired performance as a prominent symptom. This study was conducted to assess the effect of self-management on performance of elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis attending an orthopedic clinic.
Material & Methods: In this quasi experimental study, 88 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee were selected by convenient sampling, and consisted to intervention (44 patients) and control (44 patients) groups. Initially, performance of patients was measured using WOMAC inventory. Then, the intervention group received one 70-minute session of training program per week over 4 weeks. Next, they were given the opportunity to practice the program at home for 4 more weeks. Afterwards, performance of both groups was assessed and compared. Data collected were analyzed in SPSS-18 using Chi-square and independent t-test.
Results: No significant difference was found between the two groups in mean performance before intervention (P>0/05) but after intervention, mean performance in the intervention group was significantly higher compared to the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, results showed a significant improvement in mean performance of patients in the intervention group before and after intervention (P<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in the mean performance before and after intervention in the control group (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Results obtained showed improved performance in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee due to self-management training program. By using appropriate diet and pain relief methods, along with exercise, patients will be able to better tolerate exercise movements, and thus improve their performance.
S Khanjari, F Behzadi, H Haghani,
Volume 29, Issue 101 (8-2016)
Volume 29, Issue 101 (8-2016)
Abstract
Abstract
Background & Aim: Children under mechanical ventilation are at risk of developing pneumonia, due to the lack of cough reflex, swallowing and immobility. Many of the pneumonia preventing strategies related to ventilation are direct responsibilities of clinical nurses. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of nurses in the field of oral care in the children under mechanical ventilation.
Method & Materials: The research was a cross-sectional- descriptive study and 100 nurses from pediatric intensive care unit were selected by using convenience sampling, during 2015. The instruments were including the demographic characteristics form and three types of performance checklist related to oral care guideline in the children under mechanical ventilation. The performance of each nurse was observed and examined by one of the three check lists for three times in different shifts. Then the performance of nurses was classified at three levels including less than 50%, between 50% - 74.9% and also 75% and above. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics.
Results: More than half of nurses (67%) obtained below 50% of the mean performance score, 24% of them received 50% -74.9% of the mean and only 9% of them reached to 75% mean performance score. The most items related to wearing gloves (0.98) and the lowest was brushing (0%).
Conclusion: The nurse’s performance in oral care was poor, hence it is necessary to design education course for nurses, provide proper facilities of evidence-based protocols in improvement of the quality of clinical care and conduct research about the causes of poor performance in nurses.
E Bagheban Karimi , S Lakdizaji, V Zamanzadeh, H Hasankhani,
Volume 31, Issue 111 (4-2018)
Volume 31, Issue 111 (4-2018)
Abstract
Abstract
Background & Aim: Infection is the most common cause of hospitalization in hemodialysis patients and has become the second major cause of death. Lack of hygiene by staff increases the chance of infection. This study aimed to investigate the effect of infection control on the knowledge and performance of hemodialysis nurses in Tabriz.
Materials & Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 48 hemodialysis nurses in Tabriz, 2016. Nurses were randomly divided into the two groups of intervention (n = 27) and control (n = 21). Data were collected, using demographic form, a questionnaire of awareness of infection control, and checklist of performance. Training program was administered through face-to-face training and providing training package. Questionnaire and checklist were completed prior to and after the intervention in both groups. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS 18.
Results: The two groups were not different in terms of demographic data. The average score of knowledge and performance of the two groups before and after intervention was not significantly different. Educational intervention increased knowledge (P = 0.050) and practice in hand washing (P = 0.001), disinfection of the dialysis unit (P = 0.001), use of catheter (P = 0.011), and needle insertion or removing of fistula (P= 0.001) in the intervention group.
Conclusions: Infection control training can increase knowledge and performance of hemodialysis nurses. Given the importance of awareness and performance of nurses about infection control methods, training courses to enhance their knowledge and improve their performance seems essential.
Background & Aim: Infection is the most common cause of hospitalization in hemodialysis patients and has become the second major cause of death. Lack of hygiene by staff increases the chance of infection. This study aimed to investigate the effect of infection control on the knowledge and performance of hemodialysis nurses in Tabriz.
Materials & Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 48 hemodialysis nurses in Tabriz, 2016. Nurses were randomly divided into the two groups of intervention (n = 27) and control (n = 21). Data were collected, using demographic form, a questionnaire of awareness of infection control, and checklist of performance. Training program was administered through face-to-face training and providing training package. Questionnaire and checklist were completed prior to and after the intervention in both groups. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS 18.
Results: The two groups were not different in terms of demographic data. The average score of knowledge and performance of the two groups before and after intervention was not significantly different. Educational intervention increased knowledge (P = 0.050) and practice in hand washing (P = 0.001), disinfection of the dialysis unit (P = 0.001), use of catheter (P = 0.011), and needle insertion or removing of fistula (P= 0.001) in the intervention group.
Conclusions: Infection control training can increase knowledge and performance of hemodialysis nurses. Given the importance of awareness and performance of nurses about infection control methods, training courses to enhance their knowledge and improve their performance seems essential.
A Javaheri Arasteh, T Najafi Ghezeljeh, Sh Haghani,
Volume 31, Issue 115 (12-2018)
Volume 31, Issue 115 (12-2018)
Abstract
Background & Aims: Cardiac arrest outside of a hospital is a major public health concern. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an effort to protect the vital body organs (e.g., heart and lungs), which is performed based on a specific protocol. A proper CPR process depends on the acquisition of the required knowledge and skills by the resuscitator. The present study aimed to assess the effects of peer education based on the jigsaw puzzle method on the knowledge and performance of nursing students regarding basic CPR on adults.
Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2017 with a pretest-posttest design and a control group on 72 undergraduate nursing students, who were selected via census sampling from Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The participants were divided into two groups of intervention and control (36 per each). Both groups received training on basic life support (BLS) skills conventionally, and peer-assisted education was provided to the intervention group based on the jigsaw puzzle method. The students were evaluated before, immediately after, and three months after the intervention using the modified questionnaire of knowledge and modified checklist of performance for adult BLS skills. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 22 using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: Compared to the control group, a statistically significant difference was observed in the knowledge of the students in the intervention and control groups immediately after (P<0.001) and three months after the intervention (P<0.001). In addition, significant differences were observed in the knowledge scores of the participants at the three intervals (P<0.001). Compared to the control group, the performance of the students in the intervention group significantly increased immediately after (P<0.001) and three months after the intervention (P<0.001). Moreover, significant differences were observed in the performance scores of the participants at the three intervals (P<0.001).
Conclusion: According to the results, peer-assisted CPR training could enhance the knowledge and performance of nursing students regarding CPR. This study emphasizes on the importance of implementing peer-assisted education based on the jigsaw puzzle for all students.
Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2017 with a pretest-posttest design and a control group on 72 undergraduate nursing students, who were selected via census sampling from Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The participants were divided into two groups of intervention and control (36 per each). Both groups received training on basic life support (BLS) skills conventionally, and peer-assisted education was provided to the intervention group based on the jigsaw puzzle method. The students were evaluated before, immediately after, and three months after the intervention using the modified questionnaire of knowledge and modified checklist of performance for adult BLS skills. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 22 using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: Compared to the control group, a statistically significant difference was observed in the knowledge of the students in the intervention and control groups immediately after (P<0.001) and three months after the intervention (P<0.001). In addition, significant differences were observed in the knowledge scores of the participants at the three intervals (P<0.001). Compared to the control group, the performance of the students in the intervention group significantly increased immediately after (P<0.001) and three months after the intervention (P<0.001). Moreover, significant differences were observed in the performance scores of the participants at the three intervals (P<0.001).
Conclusion: According to the results, peer-assisted CPR training could enhance the knowledge and performance of nursing students regarding CPR. This study emphasizes on the importance of implementing peer-assisted education based on the jigsaw puzzle for all students.
Am Mosadeghrad, M Abbasi,
Volume 31, Issue 115 (12-2018)
Volume 31, Issue 115 (12-2018)
Abstract
Background & Aims: Nursing managers play a key role in the improvement of the quality of work life, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment in nurses, as well as patient satisfaction. The present study aimed to evaluate the performance of nursing managers in the hospitals in Sari, Iran.
Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2017 on 108 nursing managers employed in the hospitals in Sari, who were selected via census sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire to assess the nursing performance in eight domains of decision-making, planning, organization, coordination, leadership, communication, budgeting, and control. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 21.
Results: The mean score of nursing management performance was estimated at 3.84 out of five (favorable). The highest scores achieved by the nursing managers were in the domains of organization (4.12), leadership (3.95), and decision-making (3.94), whereas the lowest scores belonged to the domains of budgeting (3.26), coordination (3.79), and planning (3.81). In addition, 71% of the success of the nursing managers in managerial functions was associated with their controlling tasks. A significant correlation was observed between the performance of the nursing managers and receiving management training (P=0.01).
Conclusion: According to the results, the nursing managers in the hospitals in Sari viewed their performance to be favorable. Evaluation of nursing management performance, identifying the strengths and weaknesses, and providing feedback to nurses play a pivotal role in improving performance in the clinical sections of hospitals.
Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2017 on 108 nursing managers employed in the hospitals in Sari, who were selected via census sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire to assess the nursing performance in eight domains of decision-making, planning, organization, coordination, leadership, communication, budgeting, and control. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 21.
Results: The mean score of nursing management performance was estimated at 3.84 out of five (favorable). The highest scores achieved by the nursing managers were in the domains of organization (4.12), leadership (3.95), and decision-making (3.94), whereas the lowest scores belonged to the domains of budgeting (3.26), coordination (3.79), and planning (3.81). In addition, 71% of the success of the nursing managers in managerial functions was associated with their controlling tasks. A significant correlation was observed between the performance of the nursing managers and receiving management training (P=0.01).
Conclusion: According to the results, the nursing managers in the hospitals in Sari viewed their performance to be favorable. Evaluation of nursing management performance, identifying the strengths and weaknesses, and providing feedback to nurses play a pivotal role in improving performance in the clinical sections of hospitals.
M Boozari, E Jafar Jalal, H Haghani,
Volume 31, Issue 115 (12-2018)
Volume 31, Issue 115 (12-2018)
Abstract
Background & Aims: Pharmacovigilance is an integral part of patient care. Medication side-effects in the elderly and the key role of nurses and healthcare team in the safety of these patients are of utmost importance. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of pharmacovigilance training on the knowledge, attitude, and performance of geriatric nurses in the health centers affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2017.
Materials & Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 100 nurses employed in two teaching hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences, who were selected via convenience sampling. After the pretest, the nurses were non-randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control using the demographic and principles of drug safety questionnaires. The nurses in the intervention group received training on the principles of drug safety for the elderly for two weeks using a web-based program obtained from the website of the hospital, and the control group received no intervention. Two weeks after the intervention, posttest was performed on both groups. Data analysis was performed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA), independent t-test, and paired t-test at the significance level of P<0.05.
Results: The intervention and control groups were completely homogenous in terms of the demographic characteristics. Before the intervention, no significant differences were observed in the knowledge, attitude, and performance between the groups (P>0.05). After training on the principles of drug safety, significant differences were observed between the intervention and control groups regarding the level of knowledge (P=0.33), attitude (P=0.003), and performance (P=0.027). In addition, the scores of knowledge (P<0.001) and attitude (P<0.001) significantly increased in the intervention group after the training, while the improvement in the performance was not considered significant (P=0.34).
Conclusion: Considering the positive effects of web-based training on the principles of drug safety on improving the knowledge and attitude of nurses and since skilled performance is essential to the recognition of concepts and situations, it is recommended that novel educational methods for the care of elderly patients be incorporated into the curriculum of nursing education.
S Khanjari, N Bayati, H Haghani,
Volume 32, Issue 118 (7-2019)
Volume 32, Issue 118 (7-2019)
Abstract
Background & Aims: Improper performance of endotracheal tube suctioning can lead to bleeding, lesions in the tracheal mucosa, infection, atelectasis, hypoxia, and consequences such as increased mortality, prolonged hospital stay and neonatal treatment costs in the hospital. Given the important role of nurses in the prevention of these consequences, the present study aimed to determine the effect of educational programs of intravenous endotracheal intubation in newborn care on the performance of nurses.
Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental research was performed with a control group and included 80 nurses selected by a continuous sampling method from selected hospitals of Tehran and Iran Universities of Medical Sciences (two hospitals as a control group and two hospitals as intervention group) in 2016. The inclusion criteria were a BSc or higher degree, the experience of direct clinical work with newborns, and a minimum of three months of working in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). On the other hand, exclusion criteria were absent from more than one educational session and unwillingness to participate in the study. Nurses’ performance was scored before the intervention using a researcher-made checklist. The questionnaire included a demographic characteristics form and a performance checklist developed based on guidelines and opinions of specialists. The content of the checklist and educational content were evaluated and confirmed by a team of specialists. The checklist included 30 items prepared and developed based on various stages of intravenous endotracheal intubation in newborns, including washing the hands, different stages of preparing the tools before the procedure, proper suction pressure, and other cares during suctions and the following steps. The reliability of the checklist was confirmed using reliability interrater (r=0.93). In addition, the content validity of the checklist was assessed and confirmed by all committee members. The results obtained from the checklist before the intervention were evaluated in the research team session and attempts were made to design an educational program proportional to the weaknesses in nurses' performance and finding a solution while considering the most problems in care during intravenous endotracheal intubation in newborns. The assessment was carried out by observing and recording the performance of each nurse regarding the items of the checklist in three stages and in the morning, evening, and night shifts. The checklists were completed with the awareness of nurses, meaning that the researcher accompanied nurses during suction. The questionnaire was completed by the researcher at the end of the suction procedure. The scale of response to the tool was yes and no. At each stage, if the correct performance is done, one point is given to the nurse and if it is not done, zero points are given to the nurse. Therefore, the score range of each item was 0-3, and the total score included the mean of all three scores obtained from three times of observing the performance of each nurse during the suction procedure. In this study, to evaluate the performance score of each nurse, the scores obtained from the performance were changed from 0 to 100. Following completing the pretest, the education program of nurses, the content of which along with the checklist was previously confirmed by the specialized committee, was held for small five-six-member groups. In total, four one-hour educational sessions were held in the education room of each ward. Educational content was presented using the methods of lectures, group discussions, PowerPoint presentations, and movie screening. A summary of previous sessions was presented at the beginning of each session before teaching new content, and clinical education was provided by the researcher by presenting a full explanation of the suctioning process in the last session practically. Afterwards, educational packages, which included the educational content of the sessions, were given to participants in the form of educational booklets. The content of these booklets was prepared by the researchers based on the guidelines and instructions of the ministry of health. In the end, the booklets were provided to nurses following its confirmation by the specialized committee. In addition, a poster was installed on the wall of the part of the ward that was visible to the nurses showing various stages of intravenous endotracheal intubation in newborns. After one month, the performance of nurses in the intervention and control groups was evaluated in three stages and the morning, evening, and night shifts using the same checklists and researcher. In the end, data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (to evaluate the normal distribution of the data), as well as descriptive statistics (frequency, frequency percentage, mean and standard deviation), to describe the demographic characteristics of the participants, and inferential statistics (Chi-square, independent t-test, Fisher’s exact test, and analysis of variance). Notably, a P-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: In this study, the mean and standard deviation of nurses in the control and intervention groups was 32.35 ± 5.32 years and 32 ± 6.21 years, respectively. In terms of the level of education, most nurses of the two groups had a BSc, and the mean and standard deviation of the work history of nurses was reported to be 8.75±5.11 and 8.18 ± 5.12 in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Moreover, the mean NICU work experiences in the control and intervention groups were 5.38 ± 3.33 and 6.3 ± 4.85, respectively. Furthermore, a significant difference was observed in the performance score of nurses in the intervention group before (51.38 ± 8.70) and after (72.19 ± 4.16) the intervention (P<0.001).
Conclusion: According to the results of the study, the performance score of nurses regarding the intravenous endotracheal intubation in newborns improved after the educational intervention. Given the unfavorable performance of nurses in this area, it is crucial to train these individuals and provide sufficient facilities based on guidelines and under the supervision of specialists to improve care quality. In addition, in-service training can help improve neonatal service quality in the suction field.
Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental research was performed with a control group and included 80 nurses selected by a continuous sampling method from selected hospitals of Tehran and Iran Universities of Medical Sciences (two hospitals as a control group and two hospitals as intervention group) in 2016. The inclusion criteria were a BSc or higher degree, the experience of direct clinical work with newborns, and a minimum of three months of working in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). On the other hand, exclusion criteria were absent from more than one educational session and unwillingness to participate in the study. Nurses’ performance was scored before the intervention using a researcher-made checklist. The questionnaire included a demographic characteristics form and a performance checklist developed based on guidelines and opinions of specialists. The content of the checklist and educational content were evaluated and confirmed by a team of specialists. The checklist included 30 items prepared and developed based on various stages of intravenous endotracheal intubation in newborns, including washing the hands, different stages of preparing the tools before the procedure, proper suction pressure, and other cares during suctions and the following steps. The reliability of the checklist was confirmed using reliability interrater (r=0.93). In addition, the content validity of the checklist was assessed and confirmed by all committee members. The results obtained from the checklist before the intervention were evaluated in the research team session and attempts were made to design an educational program proportional to the weaknesses in nurses' performance and finding a solution while considering the most problems in care during intravenous endotracheal intubation in newborns. The assessment was carried out by observing and recording the performance of each nurse regarding the items of the checklist in three stages and in the morning, evening, and night shifts. The checklists were completed with the awareness of nurses, meaning that the researcher accompanied nurses during suction. The questionnaire was completed by the researcher at the end of the suction procedure. The scale of response to the tool was yes and no. At each stage, if the correct performance is done, one point is given to the nurse and if it is not done, zero points are given to the nurse. Therefore, the score range of each item was 0-3, and the total score included the mean of all three scores obtained from three times of observing the performance of each nurse during the suction procedure. In this study, to evaluate the performance score of each nurse, the scores obtained from the performance were changed from 0 to 100. Following completing the pretest, the education program of nurses, the content of which along with the checklist was previously confirmed by the specialized committee, was held for small five-six-member groups. In total, four one-hour educational sessions were held in the education room of each ward. Educational content was presented using the methods of lectures, group discussions, PowerPoint presentations, and movie screening. A summary of previous sessions was presented at the beginning of each session before teaching new content, and clinical education was provided by the researcher by presenting a full explanation of the suctioning process in the last session practically. Afterwards, educational packages, which included the educational content of the sessions, were given to participants in the form of educational booklets. The content of these booklets was prepared by the researchers based on the guidelines and instructions of the ministry of health. In the end, the booklets were provided to nurses following its confirmation by the specialized committee. In addition, a poster was installed on the wall of the part of the ward that was visible to the nurses showing various stages of intravenous endotracheal intubation in newborns. After one month, the performance of nurses in the intervention and control groups was evaluated in three stages and the morning, evening, and night shifts using the same checklists and researcher. In the end, data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (to evaluate the normal distribution of the data), as well as descriptive statistics (frequency, frequency percentage, mean and standard deviation), to describe the demographic characteristics of the participants, and inferential statistics (Chi-square, independent t-test, Fisher’s exact test, and analysis of variance). Notably, a P-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: In this study, the mean and standard deviation of nurses in the control and intervention groups was 32.35 ± 5.32 years and 32 ± 6.21 years, respectively. In terms of the level of education, most nurses of the two groups had a BSc, and the mean and standard deviation of the work history of nurses was reported to be 8.75±5.11 and 8.18 ± 5.12 in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Moreover, the mean NICU work experiences in the control and intervention groups were 5.38 ± 3.33 and 6.3 ± 4.85, respectively. Furthermore, a significant difference was observed in the performance score of nurses in the intervention group before (51.38 ± 8.70) and after (72.19 ± 4.16) the intervention (P<0.001).
Conclusion: According to the results of the study, the performance score of nurses regarding the intravenous endotracheal intubation in newborns improved after the educational intervention. Given the unfavorable performance of nurses in this area, it is crucial to train these individuals and provide sufficient facilities based on guidelines and under the supervision of specialists to improve care quality. In addition, in-service training can help improve neonatal service quality in the suction field.
J Mohammad Aliha, T Najafi Ghezeljeh, Sh Haghani, Sh Nasrollah Nejhad,
Volume 32, Issue 122 (2-2020)
Volume 32, Issue 122 (2-2020)
Abstract
Background & Aims: Pain management is an integral part of patient care in emergency departments. Nurses play a key role in the pain management of patients, and all patients deserve to be free of pain. One of the biggest challenges in nursing is ensuring patients’ comfort and lack of pain. Not only effective pain relief in patients results in their physical comfort but also increases their quality of life and rapid return to daily life and decreases their hospital stay duration and costs. Nurses are the first people present at the patient's bedside during pain and have the longest stay with the patient. Therefore, the most successful nurses are those who have competence in assessing pain. Nurses are required to make timely decisions in the dynamic and changing situation of clients by using technical skills and professional knowledge. In addition, they must make a proper clinical judgment about patients’ health status through acquiring basic information about clients, determining natural and unnatural functions and abilities of clients, and using proper information. Positive attitude and proper performance of health care providers towards pain management is very important and is part of patients' rights. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the knowledge of nurses regarding pain management in the patient referring to the emergency departments of the hospitals.
Materials & Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 emergency department nurses selected via census sampling in the hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2018. The inclusion criteria were the minimum education level of master's degree and six months of work experience in the emergency department. Data were collected using the demographic questionnaire (included six items to determine the demographic characteristics of nurses such as age, gender, level of education, type of hospital, and work experience) and the questionnaire of knowledge of pain management (included 20 items), in which the responses of the participants determined their attitude toward the use of narcotics, the person responsible for pain control and use of non-pharmaceutical interventions). The items were scored based on a four-point Likert scale from completely agree (four scores) to completely disagree (one score). In addition, the score range of the instrument was 35-62, where a score above 62%, between 35% and 62%, and below 35% was indicative of positive, moderate and negative attitude, respectively. The construct validity of the tool was assessed by comparing the scores of experienced and skilled nurses, which demonstrated a difference in the expertise of different groups. On the other hand, the performance questionnaire encompassed four items on patients’ pain level and type, analgesics and one item on the tools applied to measure pain (the name of the tool used to measure pain). The tool was completed by nurses (through self-report) and the scores were 0-2 (0=no, 1=to some extent, and 2=yes). In the end, the performance score was obtained, where the lowest and highest scores were zero and eight, respectively. In this respect, a score higher than the median (i.e., four) indicated good performance, whereas a score below the median demonstrated poor performance. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using descriptive statistics (frequency tables, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson's correlation coefficient).
Results: Mean age of the participants was 31.98 ± 5.52 years. The majority of the nurses (82.9%) had no prior experience of pain management training. Regarding pain management in the emergency department, 82.7% of the subjects had a moderate attitude (35-62 scores) while 17.3% had a positive attitude and no subject had a negative attitude. Moreover, the mean attitude score was reported to be 57.16 ± 5.22, and the mean and standard deviation of performance was 6.02 ± 2.53, which was higher than the median score of the tool. The results indicated no significant difference between the mean scores of attitude and performance with the demographic characteristics of the participants (P>0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results, the emergency department nurses had a moderate knowledge level regarding pain management. In addition, they declared proper performance in this regard. Nevertheless, they had insufficient knowledge of pain tools and their method of use. The findings of the present study showed that although the nurses stated that they had good performance and knowledge about the importance of recording and controlling pain, it seems that the necessity of completing the initial assessment form caused nurses to repeat and practice how to complete the form. In this respect, the forms demonstrated better performance of nurses while they had insufficient knowledge of the tools. Therefore, the provision of periodic training and pain assessment facilities and the implementation of proper policies and methods for pain assessment could be effective in this regard. In addition, the performance of nurses in managing patients' pain in the present study was indicated through a self-report questionnaire. As such, it is recommended that the performance of nurses be assessed through observation. It is also suggested that pain management by nurses in emergency departments be assessed from the viewpoint of patients and the effect of pain management education on the knowledge and performance of nurses.
Materials & Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 emergency department nurses selected via census sampling in the hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2018. The inclusion criteria were the minimum education level of master's degree and six months of work experience in the emergency department. Data were collected using the demographic questionnaire (included six items to determine the demographic characteristics of nurses such as age, gender, level of education, type of hospital, and work experience) and the questionnaire of knowledge of pain management (included 20 items), in which the responses of the participants determined their attitude toward the use of narcotics, the person responsible for pain control and use of non-pharmaceutical interventions). The items were scored based on a four-point Likert scale from completely agree (four scores) to completely disagree (one score). In addition, the score range of the instrument was 35-62, where a score above 62%, between 35% and 62%, and below 35% was indicative of positive, moderate and negative attitude, respectively. The construct validity of the tool was assessed by comparing the scores of experienced and skilled nurses, which demonstrated a difference in the expertise of different groups. On the other hand, the performance questionnaire encompassed four items on patients’ pain level and type, analgesics and one item on the tools applied to measure pain (the name of the tool used to measure pain). The tool was completed by nurses (through self-report) and the scores were 0-2 (0=no, 1=to some extent, and 2=yes). In the end, the performance score was obtained, where the lowest and highest scores were zero and eight, respectively. In this respect, a score higher than the median (i.e., four) indicated good performance, whereas a score below the median demonstrated poor performance. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using descriptive statistics (frequency tables, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson's correlation coefficient).
Results: Mean age of the participants was 31.98 ± 5.52 years. The majority of the nurses (82.9%) had no prior experience of pain management training. Regarding pain management in the emergency department, 82.7% of the subjects had a moderate attitude (35-62 scores) while 17.3% had a positive attitude and no subject had a negative attitude. Moreover, the mean attitude score was reported to be 57.16 ± 5.22, and the mean and standard deviation of performance was 6.02 ± 2.53, which was higher than the median score of the tool. The results indicated no significant difference between the mean scores of attitude and performance with the demographic characteristics of the participants (P>0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results, the emergency department nurses had a moderate knowledge level regarding pain management. In addition, they declared proper performance in this regard. Nevertheless, they had insufficient knowledge of pain tools and their method of use. The findings of the present study showed that although the nurses stated that they had good performance and knowledge about the importance of recording and controlling pain, it seems that the necessity of completing the initial assessment form caused nurses to repeat and practice how to complete the form. In this respect, the forms demonstrated better performance of nurses while they had insufficient knowledge of the tools. Therefore, the provision of periodic training and pain assessment facilities and the implementation of proper policies and methods for pain assessment could be effective in this regard. In addition, the performance of nurses in managing patients' pain in the present study was indicated through a self-report questionnaire. As such, it is recommended that the performance of nurses be assessed through observation. It is also suggested that pain management by nurses in emergency departments be assessed from the viewpoint of patients and the effect of pain management education on the knowledge and performance of nurses.
F Mirzaei, Sj Tabibi, L Nazarimanesh,
Volume 33, Issue 125 (8-2020)
Volume 33, Issue 125 (8-2020)
Abstract
Background & Aims: The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between teamwork and performance of the medical staff of Shahid Rajaei Cardiovascular, Medical and Research Center in Tehran, Iran. In a health system, teamwork is highly important for increasing the quality of services and the provision of safe and effective care. In addition, teamwork is recognized as an integral part of safe and efficient performance in a hospital. In addition, patient safety and health are considered a critical issue in the health systems of various countries. Therefore, teamwork and communication to prevent and reduce the medical staff’s errors are of utmost importance. The present study was carried out to assess the relationship between the teamwork of nurses and the performance of the medical staff of Shahid Rajaei Cardiovascular, Medical and Research Center in Tehran.
Materials & Methods: This descriptive-analytical research was performed in 2016. The statistical population included all nurses with a BSc, MSc, or higher degree working at medical centers of the university (n=290). The present research was carried out as correlational research, which is a type of descriptive study (non-experimental) that evaluates the relationship among variables based on research objectives. In total, 290 individuals were selected by simple non-random sampling method, and data were collected using a staff performance questionnaire by Choharie et al. and a teamwork questionnaire by Luncheon. The validity and reliability of the researcher-based questionnaire used in the present study were confirmed, and data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using the Pearson correlation coefficient and t-test.
Results: In the evaluation of the correlation of two variables, the Pearson correlation coefficient will be applied if both variables are in relative and distance scale. If the correlation coefficient of the population is ρ and the correlation coefficient is a sample with n volume of the population r, r might be obtained randomly. To this end, we exploited the significance test of the correlation coefficient to determine whether the two variables were random or independent. In other words, the question was: are the correlation coefficient of community zero or not. The coefficient estimates the level of correlation between two distance or relative variables with a value in the range of +1 and -1. A positive value is interpreted as changes occurred in the two variables in the same direction. In other words, an increase in one variable leads to an increase in the other variable. On the other hand, a negative r value means that the two variables operate in the opposite direction. In other words, an increase in the value of one variable decreases the value of the other variable and vice versa. In addition, a zero value shows the lack of relationship between the two variables, whereas a positive and negative value is indicative of a completely positive and completely negative correlation, respectively. In the present study, the mean and standard deviation of the components of teamwork and performance of the staff was estimated at 3.28 ± 0.69 and 3.64 ± 0.55, respectively. Moreover, the mean of dimensions of commitment, trust, accountability, constructive approach, and purposefulness was reported to be 3.21 ± 0.75, 3.18 ± 0.84, 3.18 ± 0.80, 3.34 ± 0.75, and 3.54±0.90, respectively. According to the Pearson correlation coefficient, there was a direct and significant relationship between the performance of the staff and teamwork among clinical employees (0.514 Conclusion: According to the analysis performed, teamwork is a dynamic process, which includes two or several professional members sharing common treatment goals, necessary health skills, and specialties, who work with each other in an intimate working environment for solving specific and common goals. Team processes are a vital component of forming a coherent, committed, and united treatment team. Every year, healthcare providers are expected to use fewer employees with higher treatment safety. The importance of having a robust medical team and teamwork is highlighted due to the shortage of personnel and educational costs, medical errors, and increasing patient expectations. Teamwork in the healthcare field is so crucial that numerous studies have been conducted on training medical staff and team-making topics. It is notable that the organizations that apply teamwork have experienced significant improvement in their staff’s creativity, productivity, and satisfaction. According to the results, the level of teamwork among the staff was above average. Nonetheless, their teamwork should be enhanced to reach higher levels. In addition, managers in various sectors and hospital management should pay more attention to people’s achievements and use their opinions. Moreover, they should teach teamwork and related skills to their staff and use the necessary control levers in group management. All of these measures will ultimately lead to reduced possibility of re-hospitalization, decreased duration of hospital stay, and improved safety and performance results of the medical staff. Teamwork is not the regular placement of individuals in a specific location. In fact, teamwork requires adapting to each other's performance, understanding the treatment needs, being able to anticipate the priorities of others, and acclimating to changes in the environment. In addition, teamwork is required for better patient management and establishment of treatment safety.
The results were indicative of a significant relationship between teamwork and performance of the medical staff of Shahid Rajaei Cardiovascular, Medical and Research Center in Tehran with the components of commitment (coefficient of), trust (coefficient of 0.79), accountability (coefficient of 0.84), constructive approach (coefficient of 0.77), and purposefulness (coefficient of 0.78). furthermore, strengthening teamwork among various employees and establishing educational workshops on communication skills can contribute to the improvement of staff’s performance.
Materials & Methods: This descriptive-analytical research was performed in 2016. The statistical population included all nurses with a BSc, MSc, or higher degree working at medical centers of the university (n=290). The present research was carried out as correlational research, which is a type of descriptive study (non-experimental) that evaluates the relationship among variables based on research objectives. In total, 290 individuals were selected by simple non-random sampling method, and data were collected using a staff performance questionnaire by Choharie et al. and a teamwork questionnaire by Luncheon. The validity and reliability of the researcher-based questionnaire used in the present study were confirmed, and data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using the Pearson correlation coefficient and t-test.
Results: In the evaluation of the correlation of two variables, the Pearson correlation coefficient will be applied if both variables are in relative and distance scale. If the correlation coefficient of the population is ρ and the correlation coefficient is a sample with n volume of the population r, r might be obtained randomly. To this end, we exploited the significance test of the correlation coefficient to determine whether the two variables were random or independent. In other words, the question was: are the correlation coefficient of community zero or not. The coefficient estimates the level of correlation between two distance or relative variables with a value in the range of +1 and -1. A positive value is interpreted as changes occurred in the two variables in the same direction. In other words, an increase in one variable leads to an increase in the other variable. On the other hand, a negative r value means that the two variables operate in the opposite direction. In other words, an increase in the value of one variable decreases the value of the other variable and vice versa. In addition, a zero value shows the lack of relationship between the two variables, whereas a positive and negative value is indicative of a completely positive and completely negative correlation, respectively. In the present study, the mean and standard deviation of the components of teamwork and performance of the staff was estimated at 3.28 ± 0.69 and 3.64 ± 0.55, respectively. Moreover, the mean of dimensions of commitment, trust, accountability, constructive approach, and purposefulness was reported to be 3.21 ± 0.75, 3.18 ± 0.84, 3.18 ± 0.80, 3.34 ± 0.75, and 3.54±0.90, respectively. According to the Pearson correlation coefficient, there was a direct and significant relationship between the performance of the staff and teamwork among clinical employees (0.514
The results were indicative of a significant relationship between teamwork and performance of the medical staff of Shahid Rajaei Cardiovascular, Medical and Research Center in Tehran with the components of commitment (coefficient of), trust (coefficient of 0.79), accountability (coefficient of 0.84), constructive approach (coefficient of 0.77), and purposefulness (coefficient of 0.78). furthermore, strengthening teamwork among various employees and establishing educational workshops on communication skills can contribute to the improvement of staff’s performance.
M Fotoohi, E Jafar Jalal, H Haghani,
Volume 33, Issue 128 (2-2021)
Volume 33, Issue 128 (2-2021)
Abstract
Background & Aims: One of the primary goals of health service provision is to prevent patient harm and maintain patient safety. Patient safety is defined as minimizing the risk of unnecessary injuries compared to other treatments or lack of treatment. Safe nursing care has four dimensions of nursing skills, providing physical safety, providing mental safety, and nurses' cooperation with other members. The provision of safe care depends on the quality and efficiency of nursing services. The efficiency of nurses depends on the measures taken to preserve the body and mind of nurses and the improvement of the quality of their work life. Quality of work life emphasizes personal consequences and professional improvement to meet one's needs in the four dimensions of personal life, work framework, work context, and global dimension of work. Safe care and quality of work life are important issues, and their dimensions have been assessed and identified separately in some studies, while they could be fully recognized and promoted through more approaches. The present study aimed to assess the correlation of safe nursing care and the quality of work life of nurses in the public hospitals of Rasht, Iran in 2020.
Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational study was conducted to assess the correlation between safe nursing care and quality of work life in eight public hospitals in Rasht. The participants included 250 nurses who were selected via stratified sampling based on the ratio of the total number of the nurses in the public hospitals of Rasht and each hospital department accessibly. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, Brooks' quality of work life (QWL) for nurses (2005), and Rashvand safe nursing care questionnaire (2017). Brooks' QWL questionnaire has four dimensions regarding the quality of work life of nurses with 42 items, including personal life (seven items), work framework (10 items), work field (20 items), global work dimension (five items). Each items was assigned a score within the range of 1-6 (Strongly Disagree=1, Strongly Agree=6) within the score range of 42-252. The reliability coefficient of this questionnaire has been confirmed at the Cronbach's alpha of 0.91. Rashvand safe nursing care questionnaire had 33 items in the four dimensions of nursing skills (16 items), mental safety (four items), physical safety (seven items), team work (five items), and one general question. The demographic and QWL questionnaires were completed by the nurses, and the safe nursing care questionnaire was completed by the nursing supervisor. Sampling was performed during September 22-October 20, 2020, and each questionnaire was completed within 20-30 minutes. The inclusion criterion was employment in a public hospital in Rasht, and the exclusion criteria were incomplete questionnaires and not returning the questionnaires. After the sampling process, 250 questionnaires were collected. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using descriptive statistics (absolute and relative frequency, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson's correlation-coefficient), and the significance level was considered <0.05.
Results: The quality of work life of the majority of the nurses (78.8%) was moderate. The highest and lowest mean scores were obtained in the work field dimension (58.37 ± 15.74) and the global work dimension (41.92 ± 18), respectively. In the majority of the studied nurses (94.4%), the level of safe nursing care was favorable and higher, while their cooperation level with the other healthcare team members was lower comparatively. Safe nursing care had no significant correlation with the quality of work life and none of its dimensions. In addition, none of the demographic variables were significantly correlated with the quality of work life of the studied nurses. However, safe nursing care had significant correlations with gender, marital status, employment status, age, and work experience (P>0.001).
Conclusion: Despite the moderate quality of work life, safe nursing care was considered favorable. However, no significant correlations were observed between safe nursing care, the quality of working life, and its dimensions. This finding could be due to the prevailing professional rules and beliefs in the nursing profession, which maintains safe care despite the limitations in the factors associated with the quality of work life. Although safe nursing care was favorable, the constantly increasing need for promoting the quality of care and the competition of care service organizations to attract more clients, safe nursing care must be enhanced continuously. According to the findings, the dimension of clinical skills was rather poor in terms of safe nursing care, which requires skills retraining and further monitoring in this regard. Since the global quality of work life mainly concerns nurses, chief executives must pay special attention to the salaries and wages of these individuals, as well as their job security and presenting a correct image of nursing to the society.
Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational study was conducted to assess the correlation between safe nursing care and quality of work life in eight public hospitals in Rasht. The participants included 250 nurses who were selected via stratified sampling based on the ratio of the total number of the nurses in the public hospitals of Rasht and each hospital department accessibly. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, Brooks' quality of work life (QWL) for nurses (2005), and Rashvand safe nursing care questionnaire (2017). Brooks' QWL questionnaire has four dimensions regarding the quality of work life of nurses with 42 items, including personal life (seven items), work framework (10 items), work field (20 items), global work dimension (five items). Each items was assigned a score within the range of 1-6 (Strongly Disagree=1, Strongly Agree=6) within the score range of 42-252. The reliability coefficient of this questionnaire has been confirmed at the Cronbach's alpha of 0.91. Rashvand safe nursing care questionnaire had 33 items in the four dimensions of nursing skills (16 items), mental safety (four items), physical safety (seven items), team work (five items), and one general question. The demographic and QWL questionnaires were completed by the nurses, and the safe nursing care questionnaire was completed by the nursing supervisor. Sampling was performed during September 22-October 20, 2020, and each questionnaire was completed within 20-30 minutes. The inclusion criterion was employment in a public hospital in Rasht, and the exclusion criteria were incomplete questionnaires and not returning the questionnaires. After the sampling process, 250 questionnaires were collected. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using descriptive statistics (absolute and relative frequency, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson's correlation-coefficient), and the significance level was considered <0.05.
Results: The quality of work life of the majority of the nurses (78.8%) was moderate. The highest and lowest mean scores were obtained in the work field dimension (58.37 ± 15.74) and the global work dimension (41.92 ± 18), respectively. In the majority of the studied nurses (94.4%), the level of safe nursing care was favorable and higher, while their cooperation level with the other healthcare team members was lower comparatively. Safe nursing care had no significant correlation with the quality of work life and none of its dimensions. In addition, none of the demographic variables were significantly correlated with the quality of work life of the studied nurses. However, safe nursing care had significant correlations with gender, marital status, employment status, age, and work experience (P>0.001).
Conclusion: Despite the moderate quality of work life, safe nursing care was considered favorable. However, no significant correlations were observed between safe nursing care, the quality of working life, and its dimensions. This finding could be due to the prevailing professional rules and beliefs in the nursing profession, which maintains safe care despite the limitations in the factors associated with the quality of work life. Although safe nursing care was favorable, the constantly increasing need for promoting the quality of care and the competition of care service organizations to attract more clients, safe nursing care must be enhanced continuously. According to the findings, the dimension of clinical skills was rather poor in terms of safe nursing care, which requires skills retraining and further monitoring in this regard. Since the global quality of work life mainly concerns nurses, chief executives must pay special attention to the salaries and wages of these individuals, as well as their job security and presenting a correct image of nursing to the society.
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