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Factors affecting nurse retention in hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Selva Nikpour, Elga Davood, Lidia Alvandian, Parviz Kamali,
Volume 7, Issue 7 (7-1993)
Abstract
This survey was aimed to investigate factors affecting nurse retention in hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The study setting was 14 general and special hospitals in Tehran. The samples were recruited from nurses employed in different wards of these hospitals.
A study of nursing car in patients with fracture and dislocation of cervical spinal cord in educational hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Farahnaz Danandeh, Farideh Yaghmaei, Farrokh Sohail, Parviz Kamali,
Volume 7, Issue 7 (7-1993)
Abstract
This descriptive study was aimed to identify how provided nursing care related to physical problems caused by traction and cast in patients with fracture and dislocation in cervical spinal cord in educational hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Samples, including 46 patients were recruited from neurosurgery and orthopedic wards, and also from Neurosurgical Intensive Care Units during 8 months period. Results showed that nursing care provided by nurses were in a proper level. There was no significant relationship between variables such as age, gender, level of education, kind of neurological lesions and provided nursing care. A significant relationship between cervical lesion and provided nursing care was found
Mea su r ement and comparement of the use, effectiveness and complication of Iran and foreign made intra uterin devices in women who have been using the mentioned me t h od for birth control planning clinics of the university of medical sciences of Iran(1993) .
Simin Taavony, , , , ,
Volume 10, Issue 14 (5-1996)
Abstract

 This is a field study, tile purpose was to measure and compare the use'. effectiveness and complication of Iranian and foreign intra utcrin device ill women who have been using the mentioned method f or birth control ill family planning clinics of the university of medical sciences of Iran (/ 993).

 III this research by Pois son statistical selection, 1620 samples of active record'! oj womell. using intra utcrin devices in family plmllli1lg clinics oJ the university oJ medical science of Iran were studied. The medical record oJ subject was used to fill the prepared check list and the results were

 extensively studied. The information was illustrated ill 69 tables. The descript ive and illf erelltial statistics (life table, X 2 and fisher exact test) were used to analyze this injonnation. Tile results oJ this sUlliey showed that: I - Tile use effectiveness oJ cacti I.U.D, after tile period oJ 1-11.5 years, are different (at tile end offirst year it was 85.27% - 98.99%, that is relatively more thun tile reports declared by other COUll tries).

 2 - Tile complications oJ various types of Iran and foreign made I.U.D. are differelll Jor example tile possibility of preglUlIlc.y af ter a period o[ 11.5 years Jor all typ es o[ I.V.D. is 3.7% ami Tcu 380A (fo reign I.U.D) possibility o[ pregnam..y aft er 6 mouths to 4.5 years oJ usage is 0.53%. Theref ore, this device is considered to he the most suitable device [or prevention oJ pregnancy.

 3-Complications oJ difJa ew types oJ Iran and fo reign made I.U.D have correlation with the

 personal locating I.U.D in the uterine cavity (P

 vaginal discharge ill both above mentioned I.V.D. have correlation with the previousc genital ill! ectioll(P

  Complications of severe genital infection in foreign made: I.U. D. have correlation with previous genital infection (P=O.05). Altlwugl' the rabies showed remarkable points, no correlation were found between the complications and other personal dutractristics. Filially suggestion on the basis of gained data for the usage of infarmation and the following researches were made.


Designing an Administrative Model for Iranian Charity Hospitals
A.a. Nasiripour, Sh. Tofighi, F. Farhadi,
Volume 20, Issue 50 (6-2007)
Abstract

  Introduction and Aim: Healthcare is considered as one of the most important indicators for determining the level of development in all societies. To this end, hospitals play an important role and the role of the charity hospitals which provide healthcare for poor patients is of great importance. Therefore, understanding and analyzing the administrative manner of these hospitals is crucial. The main goal of this study is to design an administrative model for charity hospitals in Iran.

  Materials and Methods: Information from Library documents including books, scientific magazine, and domestic foreign texts documents as e-mail, electronic database and also contact with several charity hospital executive in several countries and visiting charity hospitals in other countries were used. Further information gathered about weaknesses and strengths of charity hospitals in Iran, and several foreign countries charity hospital models. The primary model was designated and after analyzing various view points, reviews and criticism by scholars and experts, the final model was presented using the Delphi method.

  Results: This study showed that charity hospitals in Iran are managed in different ways without any specific model and do not supported financially by the government. A number of these hospitals are not autonomous. In charity hospitals outside Iran, different management styles were being used, but they were not managed like Iranian charity hospitals and most of them were foundations or companies. Furthermore, a number of them were not managed as charity hospital since the nationalization of healthcare had taken place.

  Conclusion : Whereas the cost of healthcare in private sector is very expensive and most of them do not have contracts with insurance companies, charity hospitals can have an important role in providing healthcare for the society. Using model described in this paper could be helpful in responding to the needs of poor clients.


Effectiveness of Health Services for Mothers in Iran Health System
Fariba Bakhshian, Hossein Jabbari,
Volume 22, Issue 58 (6-2009)
Abstract

  Background and Aim: One of the most important objectives of millennium development goals of World Health Organization is promotion of mothers’ health. Pregnancy is one of the most critical and important periods in woman's life. The main objective of this study was to survey the effectiveness of health services for mothers in Iran health system in dimensions of change in health status of women during pregnancy period, performance of health care personnel in delivering of services, documentation of activities and health networks in logistic and management sections.

  Material and Method: This was a descriptive cross sectional study in which data related to 1500 mothers, who had documented evidence of prenatal care in health houses of Iran Health network during 2 pregnancies, were collected. Based on data gathered from their medical records, quality of prenatal care was compared between 2 pregnancies.

  Results: Results show improvements in quantity of services, performance of health personnel and health network in supportive functions. But documents in medical records are not complete, especially in controlling blood presser and laboratory testes, for example, regarding anemia.

  Conclusion: Monitoring and assessment of health services in health networks must be revised based on outcome in order to increase productivity. Health care services for mothers should be planned and conducted by members of health care team (doctors, midwives, Behvars and Mother).


Nursing Minimum Data Set: an Essential Need for Iranian Health Care System
F Rafii , Ahmadi M, Hoseini Af, Habibi Koolaee M,
Volume 24, Issue 71 (8-2011)
Abstract

  Background & Aim: Nurses are the largest groups in health care delivery system. Nursing Information systems (NIS) are important for improving nursing performance, increasing nursing knowledge and providing data and information needed for nursing. Identifying Nursing Minimum Data Set (NMDS) is the first step for development of NIS. Considering the absence of NMDS in Iran, this study was conducted with the aim of assessing NMDS needs and giving recommendations for Iran health care system.

  Material and Methods: It was a descriptive developmental study. NMDS was searched in several countries nursing data elements gathered into a questionnaire and then, were prioritized by experts. Using SPSS-PC (v.16.5), mean scores of priorities were calculated and those with more than 80% of mean score (m=2.9) were selected.

  Results: Findings showed that most data elements had high priority from within nurses, perspective except “residential status (m=2.34 of 3)”, “nurses, employment startup date (m=2.36 of 3)”, “number of patients (m=2.32 of 3)”, “employment end date (m=2.29 of 3)”, “Reimbursement type (m=2.23 of 3)”, Nurse Gender (m=2.05 of 3) and Nursing budget (m=1.97 of 3).

  Conclusion: Elements for Iranian Nursing Minimum Data Set (IrNMDS) were offered as nursing care data elements (5 Items), Patient data element (14 Items) and service data element (14 Items). Validity and reliability assessment of data set content, in-service education for nurses and more comprehensive studies regarding the clinical use of this data set is recommended.

 


Breastfeeding Status and Some of its Related Factors in the Golestan Province
Veghari Gh, Rahmati R,
Volume 24, Issue 71 (8-2011)
Abstract

  Background & aims: Mother’s milk plays an important role in infant’s health. The aim of this study was to determine the breastfeeding status and some of its related factors among children less than 5 year old, in northern countryside of Iran.

  Material & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional and retrospective study was done on 2520 children aged 6-60 months (1309=males and 1211=females) chosen by cluster and random sampling from 20 of 118 villages of Golestan provience. Data was collected by questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were performed. Duration of breastfeeding was computed only for over 24 months old children. Data was analyzed using SPSS-PC (v.16).

  Results: The mean duration of exclusive breast-feeding was 5.59 months and 66.4% of children had exclusive breast-feeding at least for 6 months. Although exclusive breast-feeding period in Turkmen ethnic group was lower than others, breastfeeding duration in this group was higher than other ethnic groups. Five months of exclusive Breast-feeding in Fars (native) group was 14.6% more than Turkman ethnic group (P=0.001). Exclusive breast-feeding period significantly increased with maternal education level(P=0.004).The mean time of breastfeeding was 20.6 months and 89.3% and 74.7% of children breastfed at least 18 and 24 months, respectively. Duration of lactation was positively correlated with family size, birth order, maternal age and the children’s nutritional status (p<0.05).

  Conclusion: Two thirds of children in Gorgan countryside enjoy exclusive breastfeeding for at least 6 months. Some socio-economic factors influence the pattern of breast feeding.

 


Relationship between Night Work and Nurses’ Anthropometric Indices
Khademian Z, Saadat F, Hasanshahi S,
Volume 25, Issue 76 (6-2012)
Abstract

  Background & Aim: Night work could cause various disturbances in physiological, social and familial function because of changes in biological rhythms. Obesity which is associated with the increased risk of some disorders is considered as a possible adverse effect of night work in some studies. This study aims to determine the relationship between night work and anthropometric indices among nurses.

  Material & Methods: This descriptive, cross- sectional study was conducted on 325 female nurses working in selected hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences with mean age of 27.78 ± 4.92 who were recruited using simple random sampling method. The instruments were standard measuring tape, standard weighing scale and a researcher made questionnaire. Anthropometric indices included Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist to Hip Ratio (WHR). Night work was defined as the number of night shifts during last month and the number of years of night working. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and partial correlation using SPSS-PC (v. 11.0).

  Results: The findings revealed that 70.7% of subjects had BMI of 18.5-24.99 and 51.4% had WHR of 7.5-8.49.

  There was no statistical significant association between anthropometric indices and shift work duration or the number of night shifts per month, after omitting the effect of age.

  Conclusion: The results would not provide enough evidence for the relationship between night work and obesity or overweight. Longitudinal studies with comparison groups, studies on different night work schedules and on male nurses are also recommended.


A Literature Review of Hand Hygiene in Iran
T Najafi Ghezeljeh , Z Abbas Nejhad , F Rafii ,
Volume 25, Issue 80 (2-2013)
Abstract

  Background & Aims : Nosocomial infections are among the important risk factors in healthcare sector, and hand hygiene also has an important role in nosocomial infections which may be the first recommended control step. Determining studies trend related to the subject, identifying research gaps and deciding about strategies for hand hygiene improvement in Iran is essential through literature review.

  The main aim of this study was reviewing studies which have been conducted on hand hygiene in Iran between 1996- 2011.

  Material & Methods: Published articles between 1996 to 2011 were searched and reviewed. These articles had been obtained in web-based and library search.

  Results: The results of reviewing 14 articles showed that seven investigations have been carried out as descriptive, five experimental and two by interventional methods. Despite the importance of hand hygiene, limited studies were conducted and there was not enough cohesion in assessing different dimensions of hand hygiene. In existing articles, health awareness, compliance, and performance related to hand hygiene have been reported poor especially in the clinical healthcare staff.

 Conclusion: The results of limited studies were indicating poor hand hygiene in health care settings. However according to methodological limitations of reviewed articles, more studies should be conducted to investigate knowledge, attitude or beliefs and performance related to hand hygiene in healthcare staff. Furthermore, investigating effectiveness of various interventions for improving hand hygiene knowledge and compliance is recommended .

  Received: 3 Feb 2013

  Accepted: 30 Apr 2013

 


Nurses' Performance on Iranian Nursing Code of Ethics from Patients' Perspective
A Mohajjel Aghdam , H Hassankhani, V Zamanzadeh, S Khameneh, S Moghaddam,
Volume 26, Issue 84 (10-2013)
Abstract

  Abstract

  Background & Aim: Increasing quality improvement and customer orientation in health services results from continuous feedback of patients' expectations and enhancement of service delivery. Although most nurses and nursing students are aware of ethical dimensions of their profession and its importance, the main concern is about their ability to respect ethical aspects of clinical act. In this study, nurses' performance on Iranian nursing code of ethics was studied from patients' perspective .

  Material & Methods: It was a descriptive study that was conducted in 2012. The sample consisted of 500 hospitalized patients in medical-surgical wards of Tabriz teaching hospitals. Data was collected by a researcher-made questionnaire based on Iranian nursing code of ethics and analyzed using Descriptive and inferential statistics , independent t -test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient by SPSS -PC (v.13).

  Results: The majority of patients were male, married, at high school level of education, and hospitalized in surgical wards, with a history of previous hospitalization. Nurses’ performance on Iranian nursing code of ethics was good (first level) in 41.8% of cases, moderate (second level) in 51.8% of cases and low (third level) in 6.4% of cases from patients’ perspective.

 Conclusion: The findings would act as a guide for nurse managers to design programs for improving respect to nursing code of ethics, consideration of patients' rights and patient satisfaction.

  Received: 3 Jul 2013

  Accepted: 5 Oct 2013


Psychometric Properties of Persian Version of the Competency Inventory for Registered Nurse (CIRN)
E Ghasemi, L Janani, N Dehghan Nayeri , R Negarandeh,
Volume 27, Issue 87 (4-2014)
Abstract

  Abstract  

  Background & Aim: There has been increasing emphasis on professional nurses’ competency to identify areas for professional development and educational needs and to achieve this, it is required that nurses’ competency to be assessed by valid instruments. The aim of this study was to assess psychometric properties of the Persian version of Competency Inventory for Registered Nurse (CIRN).

  Material & Methods: This psychometric evaluation of the “Competency Inventory for Registered Nurse” used a methodological study design. Three hundred clinical nurses from two general hospitals in Tehran were selected by simple random sampling method. Original version of the instrument was translated from English to Persian language using Backward-Forward translation method. The validity of the instrument was determined using Waltz and Bausell’s content validity index, face validity and confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability of the instrument was reported by Alpha Cronbach coefficient and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient. The SPSS-PC (v. 16) and LISREL was used to analyze the data.

  Results: content validity index was obtained 0.94 for the scale, and more than 0.83 in each item. According to the results of factor analysis, factor loading of items were 0.38-0.67, all of them were significant and the 7 subscales of the original instrument were confirmed with acceptable scores. Intraclass correlation coefficient of the scale was 0.94. Moreover, internal reliability of the total scale was determined by alpha Cronbach coefficient (0.97) and it was 0.68-0.87 for the subscales.

Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the Persian version of “Competency Inventory for Registered Nurse” is a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of competency among Iranian nurses and it can be used as a reliable instrument in nursing management, education and research.
The Effect of Iranian-Islamic Mindful Motherhood Training on Maternal-fetal Attachmen
F Haghighat, Ar Moradi, Ma Mazaheri, S Hantoushzade, Aa Allahyari, A Pasandide,
Volume 27, Issue 92 (2-2015)
Abstract

  Abstract

  Background & Aim: Given the importance of maternal-fetal attachment in pregnancy period and its long-term influence on the health of mother and infant, the aim of this study was comparing the effectiveness of two methods of conventional mindful motherhood training and Islamic-Iranian based mindful motherhood training on maternal-fetal attachment.

  Material & Methods: The sample consisted of 36 Primgravida pregnant mothers in their 3rd trimester referring to the health centers and gynecologists in the city of Isfahan. They participated voluntarily and then were randomly assigned to two experimental and one control groups. All the participants responded to the Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale (MFAS) before and after the intervention. Data was analyzed by ANCOVA using SPSS-PC (v. 16).

  Results: The findings showed that mother-fetus attachment was significantly different among the three groups (F=5/8, P=0/008) and the mean score of Islamic-Iranian based mindful motherhood group was higher than two other groups ( 14x' type="#_x0000_t75"> 1 = 104.9, {C}14x' type="#_x0000_t75"> 2 = 97.09, 14x' type="#_x0000_t75"> 3 = 95.00).

Conclusion: Regarding the effectiveness of mindful motherhood training on maternal-fetal attachment, it is suggested that health care professionals consider these interventions along other conventional care methods.
Safety in Pediatric Intensive Care Units in Iran: An Integrative Review
F Kalroozi, S Joolaee,
Volume 31, Issue 112 (6-2018)
Abstract
Background & Aims: One of the basic rights of patients in the health system of all countries in the world, including Iran, is receiving safe care based on up-to-date knowledge and the superiority of patient interests. The first book of national accreditation standards was published in Iran by the Ministry of Health in 2010 and has been officially used by hospitals and healthcare centers since 2012. Since then, healthcare centers have provided inpatient and hospitalization services based on the criteria introduced by the ministry of health. In this regard, the standards applied were revised five times up to 2016. The criteria exist for the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and are assessed every year in these wards. In Iran, findings from scattered studies have reported different percentages of errors, including drug error, in these areas. One of the defects of the studies has been the lack of actual statistics on errors due to lack of reports. In addition, there was a lack of a specific center to present statistics on this issue, which has led to a lack of accurate reports on safety and errors made in pediatrics care. Patient care error is an independent concept, meaning that medical errors are not just made by nurses in the pediatrics wards of Iran. However, it could be expressed that nurses in pediatrics wards have different perceptions of error, which can endanger the lives of children and hospitalized patients. In a qualitative research, the error concept was mentioned as injury, without care, wrong thinking and action, and being in a situation from the perspective of nurses. It seems that high workload, lack of drug resources, the inefficient performance of colleagues, and lack of experience and knowledge in prescribing drugs are the most important reasons for errors in hospital wards. In Iran, a limited number of studies have been performed on the safety culture in the pediatric wards and no research has been carried out on the safety culture in PICUs and NICUs. Factors affecting communication and cultural sensitivity in the pediatrics wards include organizational factors such as inefficient policy-making, lack of a specific definition of hospital culture, insufficient staff education about the topic, and human factors including communication between nurses and patients and cultural differences between nurses and families. Given the high cultural diversity in Iran, improvement of education, and changing cultural policies in hospitals will increase patient safety and quality and communications. Moreover, identifying cultural differences and the impact of culture on care, adaptation to different cultures, interpersonal communication, and recognizing the cultural values of the child and family are effective factors in pediatrics and family care. According to the results of previous studies, it seems that the level of safety culture is low and medium in the neonatal intensive care unit, and nurses believe that there is a shortage of staff in these sections, which has led to the occurrence of errors at a large scale. In addition, accurate and full education is not provided to promote the culture of safety. With this background in mind, this comprehensive review was performed to evaluate safety in pediatrics wards in Iran.
Materials & Methods: In this comprehensive review, we searched valid Persian databases, including Magiran, SID, and IranMedex, and English databases such as Elsevier, Scopus, Medline, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed using keywords of “patient safety” and “pediatric intensive care unit” and their Farsi equivalents without a time limitation.
Results: In total, 35 articles were selected from 61 papers found. However, only 10 articles that directly evaluated safety in PICUs in Iran and were published in domestic and foreign scientific-research journals and their full text was available were entered into the study based on the research objectives.
Conclusion: Given the lack of accurate information about the safety of PICUs in Iran, it seems that insufficient knowledge of nurses about how to give safe medicine, high workload, the existence of an incorrect safety culture in the wards and inappropriate policies in ensuring the safety of patients are important factors affecting the inadequate observance of safety in the PICUs. Moreover, research in PICUs has focused more on medication error, infection control, hospital culture, parenting experience, shift delivery, shifts, and nurses' knowledge of the concept of error. Relatively high prevalence of medication error due to lack of medication information of nurses, lack of infection control due to not using clinical guidelines and lack of nursing facilities, insufficient observance of professional communication and weakness in the safety culture of these sectors, non-delivery of work shifts according to the related standards, nurses’ attitude to the concept of safety and their information about the matter have necessitated accurate planning to eliminate these issues. The most important safety issue in the PICU seems to be the lack of accurate and dispersed statistics, which makes deciding about safety status difficult. Studies show that most researchers are interested in drug safety and other safety-related factors have received less attention. Furthermore, there is scarce research on inadvertent and intentional errors made in PICUs. It seems that work pressure and inappropriate policy-making about the provision of children’s safety have been among the factors affecting inadequate observance of safety in PICUs. Therefore, it is suggested that future studies be conducted on this topic.

Comparison of Expected Potentials of PhD Nursing Students in Iran and Top Universities of the World
M Adib-Hajbaghery, F Hosieni,
Volume 31, Issue 113 (8-2018)
Abstract
Background & Aim: In order to improve the quality and dynamics of nursing education programs, quantitative and qualitative evaluations should be carried out continuously. Comparative study is one of the methods which is widely used in many parts of the world as a prerequisite for designing new educational systems. Therefore, the present study compared the expected competencies of PhD students in nursing in Iran and top universities in the world.
Materials & Methods: This study was conducted through a descriptive comparative manner and using the Beredy. Brought method in four stages of description, interpretation, and neighborhood. The Ph.D. nursing program at the top universities of the world was prepared on the basis of the Shanghai University rankings worldwide, from the websites of Iran’s Ministry of Health of Iran. In order to obtain more information, a broad electronic search of national and international databases was done at 2018 until 2007 using the databases of Google Scholars, PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL IranMedex, SID, and Magiran.
Results: The expected abilities of PhD students in nursing in different programs and Iran are the acquisition of various educational, care, clinical, leadership, and philosophy and research abilities. All of these programs seek to train researchers who use research as a tool for developing leadership, management, nursing science and education.
Conclusion: without enrichment of the curriculum and proper planning, it is impossible and unrealistic to expect a student to possess multiple abilities. Transferring some superficial theoretic materials, repeating what the students learned previously, ultimately would confuse the student and increase their worries toward their endpoint and would decrease their motivation toward learning.  Then, such students cannot be expected to promote the nursing profession in Iran.

Psychological Wellbeing in Iranian Infertile Women: A Review of the Studies in Iran
Ss Mousavi, Sb Hasanpoor Azghady,
Volume 32, Issue 117 (4-2019)
Abstract
Background & Aims: Recognition of the emotional, social, and mental health of infertile women could contribute to their quality of life. The assessment of psychological wellbeing is considered to be essential in this regard. The present study aimed to provide a comprehensive review of the research focused on the psychological wellbeing of infertile women in Iran.
Materials & Methods: This review study was conducted to find the studies regarding Iranian infertile women via searching in Persian databases (MagIran, SID, and IranMedex) and English databases (Google Scholar, Web of Science, EMBASE, Medline, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus) using a combination of Persian keywords, including infertile, infertility, wellbeing, psychological wellbeing, and Iran with no time limitation. In total, 24 related articles were retrieved, 12 of which were specifically focused on the psychological wellbeing of infertile women in Iran and further reviewed.
Results: According to the literature, the psychological wellbeing of infertile women has increased in recent years, and the average psychological wellbeing is reported to be higher in large cities with various ethnicities (especially Persian-speaking ethnicities) compared to smaller cities. In addition, the educational interventions and consultations that have been performed regarding the psychological wellbeing of infertile women using various methods in Iran have largely contributed to the improvement of this factor.
Conclusion: Although the psychological wellbeing of Iranian infertile women has been reported to increase in recent studies, the effects of some demographic variables on the psychological wellbeing of these women have not been adequately investigated in most of the studies in Iran. Therefore, it is recommended that the associations of various demographic characteristics and psychological wellbeing be further explored. It seems that descriptive studies on large sample sizes are required in order to assess the effects of some demographic variables (e.g., education level, ethnicity, and residence) on the psychological wellbeing of infertile women.

The Experience of Implementing the Welcoming Nurse Program in Iran Psychiatric Center: Quality Improvement
Zahra Talebnia, Fariba Masoumi, Malihe Ranjbar, Mojgan Maghroor, Amir Abbas Keshavarzakhlaghi,
Volume 35, Issue 139 (1-2023)
Abstract 
Background & Aims Considering the benefits that a welcoming environment can have for the patients and their families, and specifically for people with mental disorders, this study aims to launch a welcoming program in the Iran psychiatric Hospital and assess its effectiveness in improving the quality of and satisfaction with the services for patients with mental disorders.
Materials & Methods The welcoming unit of the hospital was officially launched and began to operate since September 2017. In the welcoming program, the nurse first introduced herself to the patients and their families, and if needed, made them familiar with the hospital and its goals and environment, how to reach psychiatrists, and regulations during hospitalization. This program continued by acquainting patients with their rights, the hospital's rules, treatment team, welfare amenities, inpatient wards, electroconvulsive therapy unit, clinics, support center, and by handling complaints and criticisms. For internal evaluation, a survey form with 5 open-ended questions was designed without including demographic characteristics and distributed among the hospital departments. The responses were collected and analyzed using the content analysis method.
Results The results of internal evaluation showed that 92% of the patients and their families were satisfied with the welcoming program and perceived it as very good and excellent. Half of the patients and their families (50%) believed that some nurses were caring and some were careless and did not take care of problems well. They perceived that psychiatrists and psychologists did not spend much time with the patient, and their visits were done very late.
Conclusion Based on the perceptions of the patients and their families about the welcoming program, it seems that they are satisfied with the program in overall. The result can motivate other psychiatric and non-psychiatric centers in Iran for the implementation of a welcoming program. 

Sleep Quality of Older Adults With Metabolic Syndrome in Baghmalek, Iran, and the Related Factors
Mrs Raziyeh Shahvali Koohshoor, Mrs Samane Zanjani, Mrs Azadeh Sadat Zendehbad,
Volume 36, Issue 146 (3-2024)
Abstract 
Background & Aims With the increase in the number of older people suffering from metabolic syndrome, the quality of sleep of these people has become a worrying issue that has less been addressed. The current study aims to investigate the metabolic syndrome indicators, sleep disorders, and related factors in older adults with metabolic syndrome in Iran.
Materials & Methods This is a descriptive-correlational study with a cross-sectional design that was conducted from June to September 2022. Using a multi-stage cluster sampling method, 298 patients with metabolic syndrome referred to urban health centers in Baghmalek city were selected based on the inclusion criteria (age at least 60 years, diagnosis with metabolic syndrome, having acceptable cognitive and communication ability, and written informed consent). A demographic form and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index were used to collect data. To analyze the collected data, the t-test, analysis of variance, and Chi-square test were used. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. 
Results The mean age of participants was 68.65±7.19 years. Almost all participants had high blood sugar. About 86% of them had high blood pressure, and about 73% had abdominal obesity. Also, about 44% had high levels of triglycerides and about 33% had low level of high-density lipoprotein. It was found that 55% of participants had poor sleep quality. The prevalence of poor sleep quality in women and men was 59% and 51%, respectively. There was a significant difference in sleep quality regarding age, gender, marital status, living arrangement, and BMI (P<0.05).
Conclusion The poor sleep quality in older people with metabolic syndrome living in Baghmalek city in Iran is high. In the future plans and interventions at the national and local levels for these patients, older age groups, women, widow/widowed people, obese people and those living alone should be prioritized. Also, considering the high prevalence of metabolic syndrome, the health and therapeutic interventions should be focused on controlling diabetes, hypertension, and abdominal obesity in the patients. Preventive measures such as sleep hygiene education and rehabilitation plans should also be considered in this regard.

The Relationship Between Job Burnout and Missed Nursing Care in Nurses From the Selected Hospitals in Tehran, Iran
Jamalodin Begjani, Mehdi Jafari, Amirhossein Khajezadeh, Mohammad Mehdi Rajabi,
Volume 37, Issue 147 (4-2024)
Abstract
Background & Aims Nurses often experience high levels of job burnout due to heavy workloads and stressful conditions, which can have a negative effect on the quality of nursing care. This study aims to determine the relationship between job burnout and missed nursing care in nurses from the selected in Tehran, Iran.
Materials & Methods In this descriptive-correlational study, 194 nurses of hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, were included using a convenience sampling technique from February to April 2024. Data were collected using a demographic form, Maslach burnout inventory (MBI), and Kalisch’s missed nursing care scale. Data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 26 using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, Percentage, and frequency) and inferential statistics (Independent t-test, Pearson correlation test, ANOVA, and regression analysis).
Results The mean scores for the subscales of MBI including emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment were 32.44±10.70, 18.76±4.14, and 29.91±7.10, respectively. The mean score of missed nursing care was 35.78±2.67. The results showed no significant difference in job burnout and missed nursing care scores based on demographic variables (P>0.05). No significant relationship was found between job burnout and age or work experience (P>0.05). Pearson correlation test results revealed a significant direct relationship between the subscales of MBI and missed nursing care (P<0.001). The highest and lowest correlations were for the MBI subscales of emotional exhaustion (r=0.608, P<0.001) and depersonalization (r=0.301, P<0.001), respectively. The results of regression analysis showed that emotional exhaustion (β=0.62), depersonalization (β=0.30), and personal accomplishment (β=0.34) were significant predictors of missed nursing care (P<0.001). 
Conclusion There is a significant relationship between missed nursing care and job burnout in nurses. Healthcare authorities are recommended to use appropriate interventions to prevent or reduce nurses’ job burnout in order to reduce the occurrence of missed nursing care and improve patient outcomes.

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