2024-03-29T16:28:34+04:30 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=108&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
108-2834 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2019 31 116 “Letter to Editor” Social Skills and Teamwork in New Generation of Nurses A Ebrahimi Ghassemi Effective teamwork is a critical element of a health workplace, but there are always challenges to meet the expectations of employers and workers. However, for the service-users in the health care setting is a requirement that they often presume to be in place. The duty of the policy makers, clinicians, and health system managers is to seek ways of improving the work conditions for workers and meeting patient expectations. In some countries, health system managers, policy makers, and educators are making major efforts to transform healthcare workplace into effective teamwork environments to achieve high-quality patient care with commitment toward integrative care. On the other hand, the continuous and rapid evolution of medical technology and the complexity of delivering patient-centered-care in the 21st century calls for teamwork and collaboration among healthcare professionals. This article explores the importance of fostering social skills and teamwork in both clinical and teaching environments, and proposes some strategies to guide pedagogical perspectives to promote and strengthen effective teamwork environments through curricular changes in nursing and other health professions. The research and expert opinions offer a comprehensive overview of the benefits of teamwork and its implementation. To transform health care workplaces into effective team-based environment requires educational strategies for incorporating and promoting interprofessional collaborations in the health professions’ curricula. Interprofessional education (IPE) is an ideal medium for introducing new knowledge to pre-professional students and healthcare professionals, and it is considered as an effective pedagogical means of improving collaboration. The World Health Organization (WHO)(1) recognizes the need for collaboration among healthcare professionals in both education and clinical practice. Collaborative practice also involves working closely with patients, families, and communities to provide the highest level of patient care(2). Using role-play or standardized patients in simulation labs allows pre-professional students to practice communication and decision-making skills necessary to work with patients and help them in their recovery journey. Educators wanting to incorporate IPE into their teaching and training strategies have several theories on which to draw. For example, sociocultural learning theory can be used as a lens through which to teach and evaluate team collaboration during students’ IPE in clinical rotations or simulation labs. Nurse educators, nurse leaders, and nursing professionals can utilize high-impact practices and develop experiential-based strategies for enhancing teamwork and collaboration in new generation of nurses. High-impact practices encompasses classroom activities designed to promote learning, engagement, and completion of those activities in didactic and online courses. Collaboration and teamwork can be encouraged within assigned three-person study groups or through incorporating assignments with a community-based learning element requiring students to complete interviews with experts in the interdisciplinary healthcare team. Interprofessional education should be a major focus of university programs training future professionals to ultimately enhance the quality of patient care. Students who have participated in IPE, say it leads to increased knowledge of other disciplines and creates opportunities to consult with members of different professions(3). As modern healthcare is delivered by multidisciplinary healthcare systems who rely on effective communication and teamwork to provide safe, efficient, and high- quality patient care, nurses in all specialty areas have countless opportunities to use their interpersonal skills to engage in collaboration and teamwork. To provide holistic, evidence-based, respectful attitudes toward patient-centered care and support, interprofessional education and collaboration are essential for health practitioners from different discipline backgrounds. It is crucial that nurse educators and nursing professionals take a firm stance in fostering social skills, teamwork, and the value of interprofessional collaboration in educating new generation of nurses.   Nursing Education Teamwork Social Skills Students 2019 2 01 1 4 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2834-en.pdf 10.29252/ijn.31.116.1
108-2835 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2019 31 116 Knowledge and Attitude of Intensive Care Nurses regarding the Prevention of Pressure Ulcer SH Khojastehfar T Najafi Ghezeljeh SH Haghani Background & Aim: Pressure ulcers are one of the indicators of the quality of nursing and health care. Nurses, as one of the main members of the health team, play an important role in the prevention of pressure ulcer in health care centers. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurses in preventing pressure ulcer. Materials & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018. Through complete enumeration, all the employed intensive care unit nurses in the educational centers of Iran University of Medical Sciences were studied. Out of the 328 questionnaires, 308 questionnaires were completed by the participants. For data collection, Pieper Pressure Ulcer Knowledge Test (PPUKT) and Beeckman et al’s attitude toward pressure ulcer questionnaire were used. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16, using independent t-test, Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, and one-way ANOVA. Results: According to the results, the mean score of knowledge and attitude of nurses regarding the prevention of pressure ulcer were 63.10 ± 47.31, 39.39 ± 10.22, respectively. The knowledge and attitude of the majority of nurses, regarding the prevention of pressure ulcer was at an undesirable level. Different groups of gender, background of continuous education, work experience, and experience in ICU had a significant difference in knowledge score. There were significant differences between different groups of gender, working hours per week, work experience, and work experience in ICU in terms of attitude score. Conclusion: Considering the undesirable level of knowledge and attitude of nurses about the standards of prevention of pressure ulcers and the importance of improving the safety of patients admitted to the intensive care unit, it is suggested to develop appropriate educational planning to improve the knowledge and attitude of health care providers, especially nurses, in the area of prevention of pressure ulcer. Attitude Bed sore Knowledge Nurse Pressure ulcer Prevention Intensive care unit 2019 2 01 5 17 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2835-en.pdf 10.29252/ijn.31.116.5
108-2842 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2019 31 116 Effects of Phoenix dactylifera Syrup Consumption on the Severity of Labor Pain and Length of the Active Phase of Labor in Nulliparous Women l Fathi k Amraei Background & Aims: Delivery is a painful event, and the management of labor pain is of utmost importance. The present study aimed to assess the effects of the oral consumption of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) syrup on labor pain and length of the active phase of labor in nulliparous women. Materials & Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 64 healthy volunteer nulliparous women who met the inclusion criteria at Asali Teaching Hospital in Khorramabad, Iran. The participants were selected randomly and assigned to two groups of intervention (date palm syrup) and control (32 subjects per group). Data were collected using a questionnaire with the domains of demographic characteristics and vaginal examinations in labor, and pain intensity was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Pain intensity was measured every 30 minutes during the active phase of labor. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16. Results: The mean score of pain intensity was significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, the mean length of the active phase of labor was significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: According to the results, the consumption of date palm syrup significantly decreased pain intensity and the length of delivery, so that despite reducing the labor pain, labor was not prolonged, and the length of the active phase of labor significantly reduced as well. Considering the importance of evidence-based research and its use in practice, further investigations in this regard are required. Phoenix dactylifera Labor Pain Active Phase of Labor 2019 2 01 18 27 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2842-en.pdf 10.29252/ijn.31.116.18
108-2845 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2019 31 116 Correlations of Organizational Justice and Professional Commitment with the Demographic Variables of Nurses F Rakhshany Zabol O Akbari F Kiani F Sarhadi Background & Aims: Nurses are the primary agents in patient care, who are in direct contact with patients. In addition to persistence in the nursing profession and job satisfaction, professional commitment could enhance patient safety and quality of patient care. The present study aimed to assess the correlations between organizational justice and professional commitment with the demographic variables of nurses in the teaching hospitals affiliated to Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Iran in 2018. Materials & Methods: This descriptive-correlation study was conducted on 298 nurses, who were selected via stratified sampling from the hospitals in Zahedan, Iran. Data were collected using Lin's nurses' professional commitment scale and Moorman and Niehoff’s organizational justice questionnaires. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 21 using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), independent t-test, and Pearson correlation-coefficient at the significance level of 0.05. Results: The mean scores of professional commitment and organizational justice were 3.68 ± 0.55 and 3.97 ± 1.52, respectively. In addition, the results of Pearson's correlation-coefficient showed a positive, significant correlation between the variables of organizational justice and nurses professional (P<0.001; r=0.23). The mean scores of nursing cognition (P=0.01) and persistence in the nursing professionals (P=0.03) were significantly higher in male nurses compared to the female nurses. Moreover, persistence in the nursing profession was significantly higher in married nurses compared to the single nurses (P=0.02). The mean score of total organizational justice and the dimensions of distributive justice and interactional justice were significantly higher in the male nurses compared to the female nurses (P<0.05). However, no significant correlation was observed between organizational justice and its dimensions with marital status (P>0.05). Conclusion: Healthcare system managers could develop and implement interventions to increase the perceived organizational justice of nurses, especially in the terms of distributive justice, in order to improve the professional commitment of these healthcare professionals and improve the quality of nursing care. Professional Commitment Organizational Justice Nurses 2019 2 01 28 39 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2845-en.pdf 10.29252/ijn.31.116.28
108-2846 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2019 31 116 Dimensions of Psychological Capital in the Nurses Employed in Psychiatric Hospitals and the Correlations with Demographical Variables R Jafarizadeh N Sadeghi M Azarbarzin which plays a key role in the outcomes of individual functions. Given the importance of improving the dimensions of psychological capital in nurses and its key role in the quality of nursing care, the present study aimed to assess the dimensions of psychological capital in nurses. Materials & Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 95 qualified nurses who were selected via convenience sampling in 2018. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and McGee psychological capital scale. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 22 using Pearson's correlation-coefficient and independent t-test at the significance level of 5%. Results: The mean total score of psychological capital in the subjects was 116.89±17.86, which indicated the high level of psychological capital. Moreover, the findings showed that the level of psychological capital was moderate in 44 nurses (46.8%), while it was high in 50 nurses (53.2%). However, no significant correlations were observed between psychological capital, age, and job experience. In addition, the mean score of psychological capital had no significant difference between the male and female subjects (P>0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this research could help senior officials to identify and better recognize each component of psychological capital, so that they could use these elements as a strategy to improve the quality of patient care in psychiatric health sectors.   Nurse Psychological Capital Hospital Psychiatric Ward 2019 2 01 40 48 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2846-en.pdf 10.29252/ijn.31.116.40
108-2847 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2019 31 116 Association between Resilience and Professional Quality of Life among Nurses Working in Intensive Care Units N Gerami Nejad M Hosseini SM Mousavi Mirzaei Z Ghorbani Moghaddam units (ICUs) could decrease their professional quality of life, thereby leading to mental issues, such as the declined quality of patient care and other consequences. Given the importance of resilience in difficult situations, the present study aimed to determine the association of resilience with the professional quality of life of ICU nurses. Materials & Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 200 nurses working in the ICUs of the teaching hospitals affiliated to Birjand University of Medical Sciences in South Khorasan province, Iran in 2018. The participants were selected via census sampling. Data were collected using Connor-Davidson resilience questionnaire and Stamm professional quality of life scale. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using descriptive and inferential statistics, including t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The mean total score of resilience was 60.31±20.39. As for the three dimensions of the quality of professional life, the mean score of compassion fatigue was 34.54±9.13, the mean score of job burnout was 24.06±5.70, and the mean score of secondary trauma was 26.49±7.86. Moreover, an inverse, significant correlation was observed between resilience and compassion fatigue (r=-0.44; P=0.001). Conclusion: Considering the average level of the professional quality of life in the nurses, special attention must be paid to the influential factors in professional quality of life. In addition, due to the significant association between resilience and compassion fatigue, incorporating resilience-promoting strategies into the nursing curriculum is recommended. Resilience Professional Quality of Life Nurse Intensive Care Unit 2019 2 01 49 60 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2847-en.pdf 10.29252/ijn.31.116.49
108-2857 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2019 31 116 Successful Ageing in the Dimensions of Life Satisfaction and Perception of Ageing in the Iranian Elderly Adults Referring to the Health Center in the West of Tehran, Iran F Abolhasani F Bastani Background & Aims: Achieving the goals of successful ageing is considered to be an effective strategy for the promotion of health in the elderly. The concept of healthy and successful ageing encompasses significant components, including life satisfaction, positive perception of the changes in old age, longevity, lack of disability, and independence in life. The present study aimed to assess successful ageing in terms of life satisfaction and perception of ageing in the elderly patients referring to the health center in the west of Tehran, Iran. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on 200 elderly individuals referring to the health center in the west of Tehran, Iran in 2017, who were selected via convenience sampling based on the inclusion criteria. Data were collected using the abbreviated mental test (AMT), a demographic questionnaire, LSI-Z life satisfaction inventory, and ageing perception questionnaire (B-APQ). The questionnaires were completed via face-to-face interviews (15 minutes). Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20 using independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), as well as descriptive and inferential statistics at the significance level of P≤0.05. Results: The mean score of life satisfaction in the participants was 15.2±2.2, which indicated the high level of life satisfaction. Significant correlations were observed between life satisfaction and age, gender, education level, economic status, occupation status, marriage, independence in daily tasks, and health and psychological status. In addition, the  mean score of the perception of ageing in the subjects was 53.08±3.9, and significant correlations were observed between this variable and age, marital status, education level, life status, economic status, health status, and independence in daily tasks (P<0.05). Conclusion: Considering that the participants in this research were mostly selected from the young elderly (age: 60-75 years) and had high life satisfaction and positive perceptions toward their ageing process, it seems that there is a positive association with life management strategies and healthy lifestyle. Therefore, the main slogan to achieve the goals of successful ageing would be to 'add life to the life year, rather than adding life years to life'.   Aging Life Satisfaction Perception 2019 2 01 61 74 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2857-en.pdf 10.29252/ijn.31.116.61
108-2872 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2019 31 116 Effect of the Training of Nurses on the Reduction of Noise Pollution in Intensive Care Units Z Godarzi F Oskouie K Azam M Monazzam T Loni J Ghasemi M Ahmadpoor Background & Aims: Noise pollution is becoming a severe issue for the patients admitted in intensive care units (ICUs). For the reduction of noise pollution in hospitals, researchers recommend proper training and adherence to protocols. The present study aimed to assess the effect of the training of nurses on the reduction of noise pollution in ICUs. Materials & Methods: This clinical trial was conducted at Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Iran University of Medical Sciences, which were randomly selected as the intervention and control groups, respectively. Before the intervention, noise intensity was measured at four locations inside the ICUs of the selected universities (entrance and exit, nursing stations, center of the department, and patients' bedside). Afterwards, methods for the control of noise pollution were introduced to the nurses in the intervention group in the form of a training workshop. Two months after the intervention, noise intensity was measured in the selected locations in the intervention and control groups. Noise intensity was measured using a sound meter in decibels (dB), and the dB-scale sound pressure level in LA networks (corresponding to the hearing of humans) was measured every two hours for three consecutive days.  Results: According to the results of paired t-test, the intra-group effects of training regarding the correlation of the mean and standard deviation of the sound pressure level was estimated at 55.37±5.43 and 57.79±4.96 in the intervention group before and after the intervention, respectively, which indicated a significant difference in this regard (P<0.001). In addition, comparison of the intervention and control groups using independent t-test indicated a significant difference between the groups before and after the intervention (P<0.001). Also, the result of covariance test was not significant in intervention group and control group. Conclusion: According to the results, the training of nurses on the control of noise pollution was effective in the reduction of this issue. Therefore, it is recommended that noise pollution in hospitals be reduced through implementing in-service training workshops for nurses, asking nurses to be quite and promote sleep, and exploit silence signs in ICUs.  Education Nurse Noise Pullotion Intensive Care Unit 2019 2 01 75 85 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2872-en.pdf 10.29252/ijn.31.116.75