Iran Journal of Nursing
نشریه پرستاری ایران
IJN
Medical Sciences
http://ijn.iums.ac.ir
108
journal108
2008-5931
2008-5931
10.52547/ijn
fa
jalali
1399
11
1
gregorian
2021
2
1
33
128
online
1
fulltext
fa
تأثیر آموزش مبتنی بر تابآوری بر فرسودگی شغلی پرستاران: یک مطالعه نیمه تجربی
The Effect of Resilience Training Program on the Job Burnout of Nurses: A Quasi-experimental Study
پرستاری
nursing
پژوهشي
Research
<div style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">زمینه و هدف:</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> فرسودگی شغلی، مشکلی جدی برای کارکنان پرستاری به شمار میآید که میتواند کیفیت مراقبت ارائه شده توسط آنان را تهدید نماید. هدف مطالعه حاضر، تعیین تأثیر آموزش تابآوری بر فرسودگی شغلی پرستاران بود.</span></span><strong><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"></span></span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">روش بررسی:</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> در این مطالعه نیمه تجربی، 96 نفر از پرستاران شاغل در بخشهای مراقبت ویژه مراکز آموزشی درمانی وابسته به دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران به روش نمونهگیری در دسترس، شرکت نمودند و به شیوه غیرتصادفی در دو گروه آزمون و کنترل هر یک 48 نفر قرار گرفتند. ابتدا از هر دو گروه، پیشآزمون گرفته شد. برنامه آموزشی تابآوری طی کارگاه دو روزه، هر روز چهار ساعت برای گروه آزمون برگزار شد اما گروه کنترل برنامهای دریافت نکردند. یک ماه پس از اتمام مداخله، از هر دو گروه پسآزمون گرفته شد. اطلاعات با استفاده از فرم مشخصات فردی و ابزار فرسودگی شغلی مسلش و جکسون گردآوری شد. تحلیل دادهها با استفاده از </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">آمار توصیفی (میانگین و انحراف معیار) و استنباطی (آزمونهای کای دو، تی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مستقل، تی زوجی و تست دقیق فیشر)، </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">انجام گردید. </span></span><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">یافتهها:</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> نتایج بیانگر وجود تفاوت معنیدار میان پرستاران دو گروه آزمون و کنترل در شدت و فراوانی ابعاد خستگی عاطفی (001/0</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">p=</span></span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و012/0 </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">p=</span></span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، مسخ شخصیت (017/0</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">p=</span></span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و001/0 </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">p=</span></span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">) و موفقیت فردی (001/0</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">p=</span></span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و001/0 </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">p=</span></span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، بود.</span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"></span></span><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نتیجهگیری کلی:</span></span></strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> بر اساس نتایج، آموزش تابآوری بر بهبود </span></span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شدت و فراوانی خستگی عاطفی، مسخ شخصیت و موفقیت فردی پرستاران شاغل در بخشهای مراقبت ویژه، تأثیرگذار بود. بنابراین، این مداخله میتواند به ارتقای تابآوری و کاهش فرسودگی شغلی پرستاران و در نهایت بهبود عملکرد آنان منجر شود.</span></span><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background & Aims</strong><strong>:</strong> Job burnout is a very serious problem for the nursing staff and can decrease the quality of care they provide. Nurses are at risk of job burnout due to the difficult working conditions and high expectations due to their caring role. Better speaking, nurses work in stressful and challenging environments that threaten their mental health and are predisposed to burnout. For example, nurses experience physical aggression from patients in the workplace, which can play a role in the occurrence of burnout. High levels of burnout jeopardize work motivation in nursing staff and increase their negligence in the workplace. The higher burnout level of nurses is associated with their lower empathy with their colleagues, patients, and families. In contrast, nurses with low levels of burnout are less likely to leave their jobs and have higher levels of organizational trust. Nurses working in intensive care units experience various stresses and are more at risk of burnout than other nurses. For this reason, researchers suggest that interventions such as resilience training need to be performed for this group of nurses. Resilience improves the quality of work of nurses and promotes their job satisfaction. Conversely, nurses without resilience have fewer professional competencies. Accordingly, nursing researchers suggest implementing resilience training programs to improve nurses' mental health. The researcher, as a psychiatrist nurse in the intensive care unit, observed that nurses become psychologically incapacitated when they suffer from burnout. Therefore, this idea came to the researcher's mind that the problem may be due to nurses' unfamiliarity with the concept of resilience. Given the foregoing, the importance of the concept of burnout in the nursing profession. Given that one of the roles of psychiatric nurses is their educational role, the researcher decided to conduct a study to determine the effect of resilience training on burnout of nurses working in intensive care units.<br>
<strong>Materials & Methods</strong><strong>:</strong> This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2019, and 96 nurses from intensive care units of teaching hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences were selected via convenience sampling and divided into experimental and control groups via nonrandom allocation. Each group consisted of 48 nurses. The resilience training program was conducted for the experimental group in a two-day workshop, 4 hours each day, but the control group received no treatment. The content of the program was presented through a lecture using slides followed by questions and answers, group discussions with the participants, and the expression of their experiences. Also, a working group was set up for nurses to cite skill-related examples, practice each skill, and role play. Four weeks after the intervention, the post<span dir="RTL">-</span>test was administered in 2 groups. Data were collected using demographic form and Maslach and Jackson Burnout Inventory. Also, data were analyzed using descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Chi-square, independent t-test, paired t-test, ANCOVA, and Fisher's exact test). In order to comply with ethical considerations, a code of ethics was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of Iran University of Medical Sciences. In addition, nurses were told that their information would be kept confidential and that there would be no obligation to participate in the study.<br>
<strong>Results</strong><strong>:</strong> The results of independent t-test showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of severity and frequency of burnout scales before the treatment (P>0.05). The results of ANCOVA revealed a statistically significant increase in the mean scores of individual failure in the experimental group compared to the control group after the treatment and the mean scores of the severity and frequency of emotional burnout and depersonalization were significantly lower in the experimental group compared to the control group (P<0.001). The results of paired t-test revealed that there was an improvement in the severity and frequency of individual failure scores in the posttest compared to the pretest and the mean scores of severity and frequency of emotional burnout and depersonalization decreased significantly (P<0.001). Analyzing the results of the control group showed no significant difference in the severity and frequency of all burnout scales in the post-test compared to the pretest (P>0.05), while there was a significant difference in the frequency of burnout scales between the pretest and posttest (P<0.01).<br>
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: Based on the results of the present study, it can be acknowledged that nurses' burnout, as a variable that is rooted in organizational psychology, is strongly influenced and improved by the implementation of resilience-based psychological intervention. According to the results, resilience training is effective in improving emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment of nurses. Thus, such an intervention can increase nurses’ resilience and reduce their burnout and ultimately improve the quality of their function. According to the findings of this study, the resilience training program reduces the burnout of nurses and, given that nursing is one of the professions that makes people prone to burnout, it is suggested that nursing managers pay more attention to resilience training programs with high applicability, in order to reduce the burnout of nursing staff in general and nurses working in intensive care units in particular. Also, given that the nurses participating in the present study could not receive the necessary training on resilience during continuous sessions due to their busy schedule, it is recommended that a similar study be conducted using a virtual network-based approach for nurses.</div>
آموزش, تابآوری, فرسودگی, پرستاری
Training, Resilience, Burnout, Nursing
100
112
http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-764-23&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Z
Hezaveh
زینب
هزاوه
10800319475328460026947
10800319475328460026947
No
Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
بیمارستان سینا، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی تهران، تهران، ایران
N
Seyedfatemi
نعیمه
سیدفاطمی
10800319475328460026948
10800319475328460026948
No
Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Nursing Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
گروه روانپرستاری، مر کز تحقیقات مراقبتهای پرستاری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی ایران، تهران، ایران
M
Mardani-Hamooleh
مرجان
مردانیحموله
10800319475328460026949
10800319475328460026949
Yes
Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Nursing Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding author) Tel: 09132864077 Email: mardanihamoole.m@iums.ac.ir
گروه روانپرستاری، مر کز تحقیقات مراقبتهای پرستاری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی ایران، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول) شماره تماس:09132864077 Email: mardanihamoole.m@iums.ac.ir
Z
Aabbasi
زهرا
عباسی
10800319475328460026950
10800319475328460026950
No
Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Nursing Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
گروه روانپرستاری، مر کز تحقیقات مراقبتهای پرستاری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی ایران، تهران، ایران
SH
Haghani
شیما
حقانی
10800319475328460026951
10800319475328460026951
No
Biostatistics, Nursing Care Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
آمار زیستی، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبتهای پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی ایران، تهران، ایران
M
Ghaljeh
مهناز
قلجه
10800319475328460026952
10800319475328460026952
No
Department of Pediatric Nursing, Community Nursing Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
گروه پرستاری کودکان دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات پرستاری جامعه، دانشگاه علوم پرشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی زاهدان، زاهدان، ایران