fa بررسی دلایل استفاده و عدم استفاده از روشهای پیشگیری از بارداری در زنان روستاهای منطقه غرب تهران در سال 73-1372 پرستاری nursing پژوهشي Research <p>  این پژوهش یک مطالعه زمینه ای است که با عنوان بررسی دلایل استفاده و عدم استفاده از روشهای پیشگیری از باروری در زنان روستاهای منطقه غرب تهران در سال 1373 در بین 437 زن در سه گروه استفاده کننده از روش موثر، غیر موثر و گروهی که اصلا استفاده نمی کنند انجام گردیده است. نتایج کلی حاصل از این پژوهش موید این حقیقت است که دلایل عمده استفاده از روشهای پیشگیری از باروری به ترتیب فراوانی عبارت بودند از اعتقاد به کنترل تعداد فرزندان، دسترسی به وسیله در محل سکونت ، کافی بودن تعداد فرزندان و نداشتن صعف مالی و دلایل عمده عدم استفاده شامل نداشتن جنس فرزند مورد علاقه، نداشتن فرزند پسر، عدم توافق همسر و شیردهی بوده است. </p><p>  اکثر جوامع مطرح می شود، این است که ساختار با عظمت تمدن جهانی و انبوه دستاوردهای مثبت و غیر قابل انکار انقلاب علمی، فنی در نتیجه مسائل بسیاری که در مرکز آن انفجار جمعیت و توزیع نابرابر آن قرار دارد با فروپاشی و نابودی مواجه شده است. امروزه علیرغم تقاضاهای زیاد برای استفاده از روشهای پیشگیری از باروری هنوز 120 میلیون زن در کشورهای جهان سوم با وجودی که اظهار می دارند بچه دیگری نمی خواهند از هیچ روش پیشگیری از باروری استفاده نمی کنند که لزوم تحقیق و بررسی در مورد علل عدم استفاده آنان از روشهای فوق از ضروریات اجتناب ناپذیر می باشد. علیرغم پیشرفت تکنولوژی و تغییر ساختار اقتصادی سنتی روستایی که در جهت نیاز کمتر به نیروی انسانی گام برمیدارد باز در بسیاری از جوامع روستایی نرخ باروری همچنان بالا مانده و درصد کمتری از روشهای پیشگیری از باروری استفاده می نمایند. بنابراین آگاهی از رفتارهایی که منجربه پذیرش یا عدم پذیرش پیشگیری از باروری می شود و مطالعه کلیه عواملی که به نحوی روی استفاده و عدم استفاده از روشهای مختلف پیشگیری از باروری تاثیر دارد از ضروریات یر قابل انکار می باشد. در ایران درصد عدم استفاده از روشهای پیشگیری از باروری در روستاها 44% و در شهرها 26% می باشد. </p> <div style="mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 460.05pt mso-element-frame-height: 228.7pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 30.3pt"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="613" height="305" vspace="0" hspace="0"><tbody><tr><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8 BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8 PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent PADDING-LEFT: 0in PADDING-RIGHT: 0in BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8 BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8 PADDING-TOP: 0in" height="305" valign="top" align="left"><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19.4pt TEXT-INDENT: 13.65pt MARGIN: 0in 0.2pt 0pt 1.9pt mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 460.05pt mso-element-frame-height: 228.7pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 30.3pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly" class="Style"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 11pt">A survey was made to study the rational given by women living in rural area of west Tehran for using or not using family planning measures (1994). <p></p></span></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19.4pt TEXT-INDENT: 13.65pt MARGIN: 0in 0.2pt 0pt 1.9pt mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 460.05pt mso-element-frame-height: 228.7pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 30.3pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly" class="Style"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 11pt">The purposes of this study were to investigate the reasons for using or not using family planning measures and it's relation to personal characteristics of the subjects. <p></p></span></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19.4pt MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.2in mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 460.05pt mso-element-frame-height: 228.7pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 30.3pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly" class="Style"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 11pt">The Samples were grouped in smaller groups: <p></p></span></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19.2pt MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 29pt mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 460.05pt mso-element-frame-height: 228.7pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 30.3pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly" class="Style"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 11pt">- Those using effective family planning methods <p></p></span></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19.2pt MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 29pt mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 460.05pt mso-element-frame-height: 228.7pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 30.3pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly" class="Style"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 11pt">- Those using less effective family planning methods at all <p></p></span></p><p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph TEXT-ALIGN: justify LINE-HEIGHT: 19.4pt MARGIN: 0.45pt 1.65pt 0pt 0.45pt mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 460.05pt mso-element-frame-height: 228.7pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 30.3pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly" class="Style"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 11pt">A total of 427 fertile women randomly were selected from the population of the study. The health clinic's records were used to choose the subjects that fulfilled the conditions for participating in the study. <p></p></span></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19.4pt MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.2in mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 460.05pt mso-element-frame-height: 228.7pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 30.3pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly" class="Style"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 11pt">A questionnaire was employed to gather the information, further, the data was analyzed <p></p></span></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19.4pt MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.2in mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 460.05pt mso-element-frame-height: 228.7pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 30.3pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly" class="Style"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 11pt">The finding were presented in 43 tables and 10 graphs. Both descriptive and inferal statistics<p></p></span></p><p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 460.05pt mso-element-frame-height: 228.7pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 30.3pt" class="Style"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 1pt"><p><font face="Courier New"> </font></p></span></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 20.85pt MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.45pt mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 460.05pt mso-element-frame-height: 228.7pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 30.3pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly" class="Style"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi">were employed. For further analysis of the findings Xz, Mantel Hanzel and Fisher's exact tests were taken. <p></p></span></p><p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph TEXT-ALIGN: justify LINE-HEIGHT: 19.4pt TEXT-INDENT: 0.2in MARGIN: 0in 0.2pt 0pt 0.45pt mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 460.05pt mso-element-frame-height: 228.7pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 30.3pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly" class="Style"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi">The overall findings revealed that the rationals for using either method were: belief in planning for desired number of children, availability of contraceptive methods where they lived, satisfaction with the number of children they already had, and economic reasons, respectively. On the other hand the rationals for not using any method were: having children of the same sex, thus desirling for a child of the opposite sex, not having boys specifically, husband not willing and post partum breast feeding. In correlating the personal characteristics of the subjects with the rationals given for either method (effective or less effective) it was assumed that the subjects' age upon marriage, first pregnancy and number of pregnancies were significantly correlated with such rationals as being satisfied with the number of children they had, and being able to limit child bearing as they desired. It was also gathered.ithat age on marriage and first pregnancy, number of pregnancies and level of education were significantly correlated with all the rationals given for not using any method except for post-partum breast feeding. <p></p></span></p><p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph TEXT-ALIGN: justify LINE-HEIGHT: 19.4pt TEXT-INDENT: 0.2in MARGIN: 0in 0.2pt 0pt 0.45pt mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 460.05pt mso-element-frame-height: 228.7pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 30.3pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly" class="Style"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi">Comparisons of the three groups were made. It was found that a high percentage (65%) of 25-29 years old women were using the effective methods. On the other hand a high percentage (56.6%) of 14-19 year old women were not using either method. Further it was noticed that the less effective methods were practiced by older age groups and those with a history of eight pregnancies or more. In general, of those who did not have a male child, 43.3% were not using any contraceptive method where while only 37% of those who did not have a female child did not use any method. It was also noticed that those who were married to literate men followed family planning means more than those whose husbands were illiterate. <p></p></span></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 18.45pt MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 14.6pt mso-element: frame mso-element-frame-width: 460.05pt mso-element-frame-height: 228.7pt mso-element-wrap: auto mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin mso-element-left: .05pt mso-element-top: 30.3pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly" class="Style"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi">Based on the findings suggestions for improving family planning practices were made and further <p></p></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-bidi-language: AR-SA mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US">research recommended</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115% FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif" FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-bidi-language: AR-SA mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US">.</span> Family planning, Contraception, Pregnancy, Rural area 35 44 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-530-199&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mahvash Roushan Jahromy مهوش روشن جهرمی 10800319475328460010867 10800319475328460010867 Yes منصوره یادآور نیکروش 10800319475328460010868 10800319475328460010868 No عبد الرسول اکبریان 10800319475328460010869 10800319475328460010869 No ابراهیم حاجی زاده 10800319475328460010870 10800319475328460010870 No