2024-03-29T02:57:03+04:30 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=8&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2003 16 35 THE EFFECT OF COMMUNITY BASED DISTRIBUTION FAMILY PLANNING ON CONTRACEPTIVE USE IN HAMEDAN, 1380-81 Ghodsi, Z Jahanfar, Sh Shahpourian, F Jamshidi, R Conducting family planning programs at an extensive level in third world countries has economical, social and cultural advantages and decrease maternal and fetal mortality. Community based distribution (CBD) can effectively deliver family planning services at home. CBD promotes women’s Knowledge and facilitates their access to family planning methods. Finally, it enhances the rate of the usage of these methods. To determine the effect of community based distribution on family planning usage in Hamden’s household, a field study was carried out. Using a multy- staged method, 330 subjects were chosen and divided into two groups, control (n=110) and experimental (n=220). Findings revealed that by delivering family planning services at home the level of familiarity with preventive methods and also the correct usage of them will increases, as it was meaningfuly different in our two groups (P=0.001). Therefore, family planning services to be delivered at home is recommended. Evaluation of this service in remote areas (villages and tribes) and also the cost effectiveness of these programs are suggested to be done by other researches. Family planning services delivery at home (Community based distribution) The methods of pregnancy prevention Unwelcome pregnancy. 2003 10 01 10 13 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-71-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2003 16 35 OUTDOOR POLLUTION AND LOW BIRTH WEIGHT A Bagher Zade F Oskouie Z Feizi M Mahmoodi Air pollution, as an environmental factor affects the health status and growth of the fetus, considering that the air pollutants have dramatically increased in Tehran, reviewing the effects of them on the health situation of infants, which are very vulnerable seems to be of great importance. Hence, a retrospective cohort study was conducted on 1000 randomly selected newborns with gestational age of 28-42 weeks. Infants were assigned in two groups and compared based on their mother's areas of residency, during the third trimester of pregnancy. Findings showed that those mothers, who were the inhabitants of areas, where the level of particulate matters fewer than 10 microns (PM10) and carbon monoxide (CO), reported to be in reasonable level, consequently delivered babies with higher weight in comparison with those lived in areas in which two mentioned pollutants had a higher density. There were significant relationships between maternal exposure to (CO) and low birth weight (P=0.003) and also between maternal exposure to (PM10) and low birth weight (P=0.01). Moreover the relationships between birth weight and concentration of some gasses such as CO, SO2, NO2 and O3 were significantly meaningful and (P) values were respectively (0.011), (0.05), (0.009) and (0.03). Due to the fact that upon increase in the level of air pollutants such as CO, SO2 and NO2 low birth weight is to be anticipated. So mothers who work in polluted areas during their pregnancy are prone to this outcome. Thus, a similar study is recommended to be conducted focusing on the birth weight of infants of mothers who work during pregnancy. Also responsible authorities should device some plans to diminish the level of air pollution. Air pollution Low weight infants Major air pollutants CO SO2 NO2 O3 PM10. 2003 10 01 14 19 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-72-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2003 16 35 INDIVIDUAL PREDISPOSING FACTORS TO URINARY TRACT INFECTION (UTI) IN MARRIED WOMEN Tabrizian, L itabrizian@yahoo.com Nikpour, S Masroor Roodsari Haghani. H Urinary tract infection UTI(s) is one of the most common types of infection in young women and is a public sanitary problem of many countries. It is estimated that 20-30 percent of women with a first UTI will have recurrent infection. The incidence is mostly in young women, and the disease can not be explained by underlying functional or anatomical abnormalities. So many researchers have focused on the habits, behavioral or genetic factors. Therefore, inorder to evaluate the individual factors predisposing to UTI(s) in married Women, a case- control study was carried out, and data wase gathered through questionnaires. Selected through a continuous sampling method, 400 women between the age of 14-45 were the contributers of this study. Through which, 200, belonged to the case group, and the rest were considered as the control group. As a result, meaningful statistically relationships were found between history of UTI diagnosis (P=0.001), and also previous use of antibiotics within 15-30 days prior entering the study (P=0.003) with the existed UTI. Overall, considering that the previous UTI diagnosis, and also usage of antibiotics were found to be the predisposing factors, it is recommended to list them as health teaching issues by the authorities, furthermore, other studies should be conducted to reveal the factors which cause first and recurrent UTI(s) separately. A prospective cohort study, by record information about individual predisposing factors in daily diaries is suggested. Urinary tract infection Married women Predisposing factors 2003 10 01 20 24 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-73-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2003 16 35 THE MEDICO-LEGAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE MIDWIVES EMPLOYED BY THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND MEDICAL SCIENCES OF IRAN Askari, M Taavoni, S Haghani, H Allami, M Taftachi, F As basic coordinators between families and the health care units, midwives have important roles in the reproductive health of the community. Being able to prevent any problem in the course of their professional life, they must be aware of the legal aspects of their occupation. Therefore, inorder to determine the knowledge level of the midwives about the proceeding trial for disciplinary violations a cross-sectional study was conducted, in which the data were collected by self-report questionnaires. The sample consisted of 274 midwives including faculty members of nursing & midwifery schools (N=18) and evenly distributed midwives employed in the university hospitals and health centers (N=256). The results of the study showed that the mean knowledge level of the employed midwives was weak. Significant relations were obtained between knowledge of the proceeding trial for different disciplinary violations and the place of employment (on midwifery ethics) and also secondary employment in the private sector (on reproductive healthcare) respectively (P=0.04) and (P=0.031). So, according to the findings only 2.2% of the Midwives had a good knowledge of the proceeding trial for different disciplinary Violations. Therefore it is recommended to revise the syllabus of the course "Midwifery History, Ethics and Regulations" in order to include topics of the kind, discussed in this study and enhance the level of medico-legal knowledge of the midwives. Presentation of different rules and regulations in a simple language to all emplgees, emphasizing on violation penalties is another suggestion. Medico-legal knowledge Disciplinary violations Malpractice 2003 10 01 25 32 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-74-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2003 16 35 FACTORS RELEVANT TO THE USE OF 1 PERCENT CHLORINE FOR CHLORINATION IN FAMILIES Gharibi, M university@iauzah.ac.ir Dabbaghi, F Kermansaravi, F According to the reports of world health organization (WHO), 80 percent of human diseases are due to contaminated water either for drinking or sanitation. International water sanitation program says that 50 percent of people across the world have no access to healthy water and 75 percent of the third world population do not have water for sanitation. The present semi experimental study aims at determining factors relevant to the chlorination in the families under the coverage of health houses of Sistan and Baluchestan province. Research sample was composed of 2100 households which were under the coverage of health houses of the province. They were investigated in two groups (case and control) on the basis of stratified and random sampling. The findings indicated that 37.5. Percent of households who used 1% chlorine for chlorination, had a comprehensive knowledge about it and of which 23.5 percent belonged to the control group. The results of logestic regression indicated that those who had good or moderate knowledge, used 1% chlorine for chlorination more than the group with poor knowledge. Finding also showed that 98.8 percent in case group and 93.7 percent in the other one had a positive approach to chlorination. Furthermore, a significant correlation was established between approaches and performances of both groups (P<0.05). Meaningful relationships existed between the level of knowledge and approaches, household and ethnicity, the performances and the size of the households (P< 0.05). Reasons for not doing chlorination were awful taste and smell (37.65%), no access to chlorine (26.64%) and time limitation to do so (18.23%), meanwhile, those who were doing chlorination mentioned that prevention of diseases (68.88%), considering sanitary principles (16.06%) and a combination of these two (12.06%) are our reasons for doing this task. To conclude, regarding the results of this study training programs should be considered to enhance awareness about the importance of chlorination and the usage method, in order to prevent undesirable physical damages due to contaminated water. Chlorination Knowledge Approach Performance 2003 10 01 33 37 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-75-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2003 16 35 SIDE EFFECTS OF INDIAN T IUD (PREGNA) AFTER 21 MONTHS OF INSERTION Shahvary, Z Allamy, M Shokraby, SH Haghani, H Nowadays IUD(s) are the most commonly used reversible contraceptive in the world. More than 130 million women are thought to use it, while a large number of them put this method away because of some medical reasons. While a comprehensive patient’s screening may highly decrease it’s side effects, a historical cohort retrospective study was performed to determine the side effects of pregna after 21st month of insertion. In order to gather the data all 1008 files of patients which refferd to one of the health centers in karaj were studied. Findings revealed that after 21st month of insertion patients suffered from expulsion (8.3%), unintended pregnancy (0.6%) dysmenorrhea (2%), heavy bleeding (7.1%)., long lasting bleeding (3.1%), spotting and intermenstural bleeding (11.1%), infection (39.6%), missed period, (1.9%), lost IUD thread (1%) and low back pain (0.4%), meanwhile during the first year of insertion, side effects were as follow, unreasonable bleeding (7.7%), infection 32%, heavy bleeding 6.5%, long lasting bleeding (2.7%), spotting and intermenstural bleeding (9.5%) and dysmenorrhean (1.9%). To sum up, there were not any differences between the results of this study and other similar ones. It can be said that the side effects will decrease as the years pass. We also recommend a prospective study for determination of the side effects in long term period (more than 21 months). Prevention of Pregnancy IUD Side effect 2003 10 01 38 42 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-76-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2003 16 35 GROUNDED THEORY DATA ANALYSIS F Rafii F Oskouie Yadavar Nikravesh Grounded Theory is a qualitative research approach used to explore the social processes that present within human interactions. Glaser and Strauss (1967) developed the method and published the first text addressing method issues. Grounded theory includes systematic techniques and procedures of analysis that enable the researcher to develope a substantive theory. The discovery of a core variable is the goal of grounded theory. The core variable serves as the foundational concept for theory generation. During the conduction of a grounded theory study, the processes of data collection, coding and analysis occur simultaneously. The three levels of open, axial, and selective coding constitutes the coding procedures. Memoing preserves emerging hypotheses, analytical schemes, hunches and abstractions. Saturation occurs after many rounds of coding, until no new categories emerge from the process. At this point, the researcher can begin determining the relationships between categories. A good report of research reflects the theory in such a way that allows an outsider to grasp its’ meaning and apply its concepts. By doing grounded theory researcher makes a contribution to the body of knowledge. Grounded theory Glaser Strauss &amp Corbin Constant comparison Open coding Axial coding Selective coding Memoing Theoretical sampling 2003 10 01 43 49 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-77-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2003 16 35 EFFECT OF TEACHING ON SELF CARE ABILITY OF PATIENTS WITH ILEOSTOMY AND COLOSTOMY Sadeghi sanabadi Koocheki, SA Solieman borogerdi Mohammad alyha Khachian, A Hoseini, F Teaching the patients is considered to be an important duty of nurses, and is one of the standards of quality nursing supervisions, According to this, all patients have the right to be thought in order to keep their health. Suffering from a chronic illness, Patients with ostomies need to gain the knowledge and skill of being self care. So, determing the effect of teaching on self care manner of patient with an ostomy, a clinical trial study was conducted. Contributers were 32 patients selected by continuous and random method. All patients were interviewed before teaching and then teaching booklets were distributed. Findings revealed that There was not a meaningful difference between patient’s refferal to physician due to any unpredicted signs or compliance of diet regime in prevention of constipation, but comparatively, after teaching a significant relationship was found between prevention of bad odor, diarrhea, stenosis of the ostoma and the correct way of irrigation and changing of the bag (p<0.05). Moreover, we found that 67.7% of the patients complained about the bad odor of the stoma, 41.9% of them claimed that they could not do exercises, 54.8% said that their ostomies interfere with their social life, 53.1% did not know that there is an institution to help them, and finally 56.3% reckoned that they had not had knowledge about their stoma and the way to take care of it. Since, the results highlighted the effectiveness of teaching in improving self care ability, serious and organized teaching programs is suggested to be performed by nurses. Ostomy Colostomy Ileostomy Selfcare 2003 10 01 50 54 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-78-en.pdf