2024-03-29T01:39:15+04:30 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=11&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
11-87 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2002 15 32 HOW NURSES RESPECT PATIENT’S RIGHTS Nasiriany, KH Salemi, S Salman Yazdy, N Hosseini, F Background: Respecting patient’s right is what, patients expect from health centers. It means that the patients regardless to their age, sex, race and other differences have some rights such as: knowing, selecting, being respected, confidentiality, territoriality and receiving efficient care and treatment and nurses must respect these rights. Objective: To determine the nurse’s level of respect for the patients rights. Design: This was a cross- sectional study in which through two dimensional tools the nurses level of respect for patient’s rights determined and measured. Sample: 280 nurses were selected through stratified randomized sampling. Results: The results showed moderate respect for patient’s rights. Conclusion: Findings showed moderate respect for patient’s rights. It is suggested to provide session of teaching on patient’s rights for nurses, and it is also recommended to inform the patients about their own rights. These, consequently lead to a better and qualified patient’s care. Patient’s rights Understanding patient’s rights Respecting patient’s rights 2002 12 01 8 14 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-87-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2002 15 32 THE EFFECT OF MARITAL COUNSELING ON SEXUAL SATISFACTION OF COUPLES, SHIRAZ, 1380. Mooshkbid- Haghighi Shams- Mofarahe, Z Majd- Timory, M.M.V Hosseini, F Background: Half of the unsuccessful marriages is due to unsatisfying sexual relation. Absence of safe sexual relation between couples leads to marital failure and repel. Accompany with other conditions such as lack of mutual understanding, the destruction of family, structure will occur, and the rate of divorce will be increased. Through marital counseling, couples information about desirable sex relation can be improved and family solidity and health will be guaranteed. Objective: To determine the effect of marital counseling on sexual satisfaction of couples. Design: This was a field trial study with control group. Sample: 60 couples were selected and randomly assigned to one of trial or control group(30 couples in counseling group and 30 in the other one). Result: Findings showed that at the beginning of the study 50% of women in counseling group had middle and 3.34% had little sexual satisfaction, 66.67% of women without counseling had high sexual satisfaction, while 60% of men in counseling group and 66.67% of them in the group without counseling, mentioned high sexual satisfaction. Meanwhile, at the beginning of the research women and men of both groups were the same from the point of sexual satisfaction, but one month later, 100% of men and women in counseling group verbalized high sexual satisfaction. Statistical tests showed that sexual satisfaction of men and women in counseling group was more than the control group. Conclusion: Findings indicated that marital counseling had a positive effect on the quality of sexual relation, and increased couples sexual satisfaction. Therefore, it is recommended that girls and boys participate in counseling sessions before marriage. Further researches in different aspects of sexual satisfaction is also recommended. Counseling Marriage Sexual Satisfaction 2002 12 01 15 19 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-88-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2002 15 32 BURNOUT SYNDROME IN NURSES, WORKING AT EDUCATIONAL HOSPITALS Payami Boosari, M mitra_payami@yahoo.com Background: Nurses burnout is a known problem of health systems, and a major contributor of shortage of experienced nurses. Objective:To determine the prevalence of burnout syndrome among educational hospital nurses and its’ relation with anxiety and sociodemographic variables. Design:This was a descriptive cross- sectional study in which data were collected through a questionnaire Sample: Among a total of 251 nurses working at hospitals 151 participant were selected. Result: The findings indicate, low degree of emotional exhaustion, moderate depersonalization and high lack of personal accomplishment. Trait anxiety was the best predictor of all dimensions of burnout syndrome (P= 0.0001). The findings also indicate that sex, employment status, income sufficiency and work unit, had relations with some burnout dimensions. Conclusion: Nurses are confronted with serious work problems especially with those related to the third dimension of this syndrome. Corrective action seems to be vital. Anxiety Burnout Nurses burnout 2002 12 01 20 26 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-89-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2002 15 32 THE EFFECT OF SITTING POSITION ON DURATION OF 3RD STAGE AND BLEEDING VOLUME OF 3rd & 4th STAGES OF LABOR IN AKBARABADI HOSPITAL, TEHRAN, IRAN, 2000-2001. Amini, L Jahanfar, Sh Rahimiha, F Jamshidi, R Kashanyan, M Background: Mother’s position during labor has been a major of concern for faster, easier and more tolerable birth. In fact, changing of the position during labor can be introduced as a solution for dystocia, prolonged labor and labor arrest. Furthermore, pregnancy outcomes including post partum bleeding is affected by upright delivery position. Objective: To investigate the effect of sitting position on the following variables: duration 3rd stage of labor bleeding volume of the 3rd and 4th stages of labor. Design: Controlled-Randomized clinical trial. Sample: One hundred women including 50 subjects in Sitting position group (Case group) and 50 subjects in Lithotomy position group (comparative group).selected by consecutive sampling method. Results: The duration of the 3rd stage of labor was significantly lowered in case versus comparative group (P= 0.015). The volume of blood loss during the 3rd stage of labor was significantly greater in the case group in comparison with the comparative (p= 0.004). However, the volume of blood loss during 4th stage of labor was not significantly different in 2 groups. Conclusion: Although, sitting position was found shorten the 3rd stage of labor in this study, it is suggested that mothers be given the chance to choose their own position of delivery. Sitting/Upright position 3rd and 4th stage of labor Bleeding 2002 12 01 27 31 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-90-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2002 15 32 EFFECT OF CONE THERAPY ON URINARY STRESS INCONTINENCE Malekzadegan, A S Khanjari Yadavar-Nikravesh, M Hosseini, F Neisani, L Background: Stress incontinence is the most common types of urinary incontinence in women and the second factor for permanent incontinence in old women, which effects on their health and quality of life. Basic treatment for this problem is pelvic floor exercises. Usage of vaginal cones is an effective intervention for prevention and treatment of urinary stress incontinence. Objective: To determine the effect of cone therapy on urinary stress incontinence. Design: This was a before– after clinical trial without control group. In which subject, used vaginal cones (20 to 70 gram) twice a day each time for 15 minutes during 3 months except on menstrual period. Data were evaluated by assessing the pelvic floor strength, through perineometery, and the number and amount of leakage during stress, through self reporting before and after cone therapy. Sample: 53 patients were selected consecutively. Result: The findings indicated a significant decrease in frequencies and amount of urine leakage after cone therapy (P< 0.0001), and 45.3 percent of subjects cured completely. Conclusion: The results showed that cone therapy is an effective method for the treatment of urinary stress incontinence. Therefore, it is recommended that cone therapy be used as a supportive treatment for this problem. Urinary stress incontinence Cone therapy Pelvic floor muscle strength 2002 12 01 32 36 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-91-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2002 15 32 REASONS OF REFERRING AND NOT REFERRING OF SATISFIED AND UNSATISFIED WOMEN FROM HEALTH SERVICES, TO OUTPATIENTS DEPARTMENT (O.P.D) Nikpour, S Yosefi, R Javadi, F Hosseini, F Background: Assessing the reasons of referring and not referring to O.P.D (outpatients department) and the satisfaction level of the clients can be one of the health promotion aims, because selection of the health system or the health provider, is the result of one’s level of satisfaction. Objective: Assessing the reasons of referring and not referring of satisfied and unsatisfied women from health services to O.P.D (s), and the role of personal variables in this matter. Design: This was a field study Research, in which the reasons of referring and not referring of satisfied and unsatisfied women from health services, were determined by using a questionnaire. Sample: 419 women between the age of 17 to 50 years were assigned in two referring (270) and not referring (149) groups. Among the first group we had 230 satisfied and 40 unsatisfied and in second one (108 satisfied and 41 unsatisfied) clients. All Residences of western region of Tehran. Results: The results showed that 80.7% of all cases were completely satisfied with the health services, they had had received, and the remaining 19.3% were not satisfied. The reasons of referring in both satisfied and unsatisfied groups were as follow: need of health services, efficiency and usefulness of the medical care, good support of the staff, availability of all kinds of medical assistance in the center, their confidence in services, charge free appropriate quality and availability. Only 3.5% referred because they had friends or relatives who were working there. The reasons of not referring in satisfied and unsatisfied groups were as fallow: long way between the center and home, lack of the participation of clients in their health promotion program, anarchy, rush of personnel limitation of services, having a pereferance for a private physician. The results showed a significant relationship between some of the referring reasons. In both satisfied and unsatisfied groups with the age, number of children, number of referrals, and the educational level (P<0.05). Also there was a significant relationship between some of not referring reasons in satisfied women with the age and the age of the last child (P<0.05). There were no relationship between not referring reasons in unsatisfied women with personal variables. Conclusion: Based on the findings it is suggested to employ proper health services, and establish all kinds of specialties according to the client’s needs. It is also recommended to the health providers, to let the clients participate in their problem solving programs. Reasons of referring (to O.P.D) Not referring (to O.P.D) Satisfied and unsatisfied women Health services 2002 12 01 37 43 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-92-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2002 15 32 COMPLICATIONS OF INTRAUTERINE DEVICE (I.U.D) AND ITS’ IMPACTS ON BREAST FEEDING PERIOD AT THE TIME OF PLACEMENT Ghorbani, S Mohammadi, R Malakzadegan, A Haghani, H Background: Placing I.U.D is a very effective method in the prevention of pregnancy, which has increasingly became popular. Women have found it an effective, safe and comfortable method all over the world. I.U.D is also a safe and suitable anti- pregnancy device for breast feeding period. However some reports concerning its’ effects on breast feeding period are available. Objective: Determination of I.U.D complications’ and its’ impacts on breast feeding at time of placement. Design: This was a field study in which the complications of I.U.D were assessed and compared in breast feeding and non breast feeding mothers. Sample: All 731 women which were undergone I.U.D placement, were selected through a census method, among those 451 were breast feeding mothers and the rest did not breast fed their babies. Results: Findings showed that the complication of I.U.D placement were respectively as follow: infection(43.7%), spotting between menstruation cycles (2304%) and cervicitis (22.2%). Also there were significant relation between menstruation bleeding amount (P= 0.001), the menstruation time period (P= 0.00), cervicities (P= 0.005) and breast feeding situation at the time of I.U.D placement. Overall, the result indicated that the impacts of I.U.D placement in breast feeding period are very slight. Conclusion: More investigations are suggested to clear the safety of I.U.D in breast feeding and nonbreast feeding mothers. Improvement of programs such as consultation, riddling, treatment and training of mothers using this device is also recommended. Prevention of Pregnancy Complication of I.U.D Placement Breast feeding period 2002 12 01 44 49 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-93-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2002 15 32 APPLICATION OF TWO EDUCATIONAL THEORIES IN THE CLASSROOM F Rafii Teaching is a complex phenomenon and needs a specific framework. Subjective ideas would dominate in the absence of a predetermined framework. Teaching and learning theories provide a systematic framework for instruction. This article describes "Constructivist and Social Learning Theories" and explains their applications in practice. The constructivist school views knowledge as a constructed entity made by each and every learner through a learning process. Thus, knowledge can not be transmitted from one person to the other it will have to be reconstructed by each person. The social learning theory emphasizes the importance of observing and modeling the behavior, attitudes and emotional reactions of others. Social learning theory explains human behavior in terms of continuous reciprocal interaction between cognitive, behavioral, and environmental influences. Application of these theories in classrooms helps teachers to have a shared base of knowledge and a common language for teaching. Cognitive oriented constructivist theory Socially oriented constructivist theory Social learning theory 2002 12 01 50 56 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-94-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2002 15 32 MATERNAL RISK FACTORS FOR INTRAUTERINE FETAL DEATH (IUFD) Ghyiacy, P Jahanfar, Sh Mokhtar Shahy, Sh Haghani, H Background: Intrauterine fetal death is a traumatic event for the family which occurs in about 1% of all pregnancies. In comparison with other countries this rate is increasing in Iran. Statistical reports from health centers of Firoozabad estimated the rate of 2.2% per year. Although obstetrical management has improved significantly, more than 50% of these cases are still unexplained. Objective: To determine maternal risk factors for intra uterine fetal death. Design: This research was a case-control study. A standard questionnaire was designed consisting of two major parts: maternal characteristic and pre pregnancy and prenatal events. The questionnaire was filled by using medical records, between 1996-2000. And for each given case two controls were chosen simple randomly at the same day. Sample: Samples included 450 records, of which, 150 were case (IUFD) and 300 considered as control group (non IUFD). Results: Findings suggested that, illiterately (P=0.000), gestational age lesser than 37 wk (P=0.000) and consanguinity (P=0.000) were maternal factors. History of stillbirth (P=0.005) and premature rupture of membrane more than 12 hours (P=0.007) were the risk factors related to pregnancy events. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, illiterately, low gestational age, consanguinity, history of stillbirth and premature rupture of membrane were found as maternal risk factors for IUFD, however consultation, prenatal care, early diagnosis of complications, and careful evaluation may decrease the incidence of IUFD. Educating women for IUFD risk factors and use of preventive modalities is also recommended. Intrauterine fetal death Risk factors Maternal factors 2002 12 01 57 62 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-95-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2002 15 32 ONCOLOGY NURSES AND OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS Faragollahy, M Chemotherapy is an important part of cancer treatments. In which cytotoxic drugs are used to cure patients. Where as these drugs are therapeutic to patients, they can be toxic to health care providers handling them. Among health care providers, oncology nurses have the responsibility regarding the preparation and administration of antineoplastic drugs. The risk factors associated with antineoplastic drugs are unknown in health care providers, but many researchers have found that exposure to antineoplastic drugs, without protection can lead to health problems such as headache, dizziness, nausea, letargy, hair loss, allergic reactions, liver fibrosis, leukemia, reproductive disorders like infertility, fetal loss, premature birth, DNA damages and other problems. On the other hand, antineoplastic drugs can be mutagenic, teratogenic and carcinogenic. Hence, providing adequate protection against cytotoxic drugs is essential for nurses and any one who works in chemotherapy unit. key elements for safely handling of these drugs are: education of personnel about the adverse effects of cytotoxic drugs and proper exposure to these drugs, use of protective equipment such as biological safety cabinet (vertical laminar flow cabinet) and full apparel which consist of gloves, gown, face mask and eye spectacles and consideration of standard guidelines for safe handling of cytotoxic drugs. Chemotherapy Antineoplastic agents Occupational hazards 2002 12 01 63 67 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-96-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2002 15 32 EFFECTS OF TEACHING ABOUT DIET REGIMEN ON LABORATORY INDEX AND WEIGHT GAIN OF HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS Salehi Taly, Sh Akbarsharifee, T Gholam Araghi, M Haghani, H Background: Teaching is an important intervention in patients under hemodialysis, because they have to cope with different drug therapies, specific diet regimen and limitation of fluid intake. In order to prepare them physically and mentally to adjust to these changes, teaching plays an important role to increase their knowledge, improve their sense of responsibility to follow up diet regimen and limitation fluid intake and finally the better consequences of hemodialysis. Objective: To study the impact of teaching about diet regimen on laboratory index and weight gain between two sessions of hemodialysis. Design: This study was a randomized clinical trial. Sample: 76 patients were selected and randomly were put into two groups of experimental and control. Results: Findings indicated a meaningful statistical difference between level of phosphorus and weight again in experimental group before and after teaching P=0/000, and also between experimental and control groups P=0/001 Conclusion: According to this research teaching about diet regimen in patients under hemosialysis has an impact on phosphorus level and weight gain. So proper and serious teaching sessions provided by nurses in health centers is recommended. Teaching about diet regimen Hemodialysis laboratory index Weight gain between two sessions of hemodialysis 2002 12 01 68 74 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-97-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2002 15 32 EFFECT OF FOOT MASSAGE ON RELAXATION AND PAIN INTENSITY OF CANCER PATIENTS Nadjafi Ghezeljeh, T Rahimiha, F Mohaddes Ardebili, F Hosseini, F Background: Pain reduction is one of the main interventions in nursing care of cancer patient and foot massage is one of the complementary measures that decreases pain intensity and provides relaxation for patient. Objective: To determine the effect of foot massage on relaxation and pain intensity in hospitalized women with cancer. Design: This was a cross over clinical trial study in which each subject was in foot massage group 1 and 2, and also in controlled condition during 3 days. Relaxation, heart rate, and pain intensity were measured before and after 10 minutes of massage and recorded, and in control sessions patients lied on their beds comfortably for 20-30 minutes then their heart rate, pain intensity and relaxation were measured and recorded. Sample: 75 women with cancer, all over 18 years old, selected sequentially, and assigned for each session with random allocation. Result: There were a statistically significant differences on relaxation, pain intensity (p< 0/0001) and heart rate between subjects with foot massage (1) and without massage and between subjects with foot massage (1) and (2). In other word, massage decreased heart rate and pain intensity and increased relaxation. Repeated foot massage provided increased relaxation, and more reduction took place in heart rate and pain intensity. There were also statistically significant differences in variables trends of change (p<0/0001). In other word, from control to massage session (2), relaxation increased and heart rate and pain intensity decreased. Conclusion: According to the research findings, nurses can include foot massage in their daily care of cancer patients for pain reduction. They can provide proper education about foot massage for patients and their families. It is suggested that similar research in men and patients with chronic illnesses be done, and effects of long and intermediate time of massage be studied. A qualitative research for evaluating patient’s feelings about massage and their experiences is recommended. Foot massage Cancer patients Relaxation Pain intensity 2002 12 01 75 82 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-98-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2002 15 32 PATIENTS\' PERCEPTIONS OF THE IMPORTANCE OF CARING BEHAVIORS IN IRAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES AFFILIATED HOSPITALS, 2002 Khademian, Z Salemi, S Hakimi, T Hosseini, F Background: In order to provide an effective care plan for patients, important caring behaviors for this points of view must be identified. Objective:To determine the patients’ perceptions of the importance of caring behaviors. Design: This was a cross-sectional study. In which Caring behaviors were categorized in six subscales (accessibility, trusting relationship, anticipation, comforting, monitoring and following, explaining and facilitating) and studied through sorting cards. Sample: 95 patients were selected with consecutive sampling method. Results: Patients perceived technical caring behaviors more important than affective ones. Male patients perceived accessibility to nurses of more importance than female patients (p=0.04). In addition patients with high school and diploma education pointed monitoring and following of more importance than those with primary education (p=0.04). Conclusion: As patients perceived technical caring behaviors more important than affective ones, so it is recommended that nurses pay more attention to technical behaviors. In addition more studies about affective caring behaviors is recommended Caring behaviors Patient’s perception The importance of caring behaviors. 2002 12 01 83 87 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-99-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2002 15 32 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO METHODS OF TUBE FEEDING IN NEUROSURGICAL PATIENTS Hasanzadeh, H Alikhani, M Seidoshohadaei, M Hosseini, F Background: Pulmonary aspiration is one of the complications of tube feeding which may lead to pneumonitis, necrotic pneumonia and pulmonary abscess and therefore threats patient’s life. Objective: To determine the rate of pulmonary aspirations by two methods of tube feeding (intermittent bolus and intermittent drops). Design: This was a randomized clinical trial study in which two groups of neurosurgical patients were selected. One group received intermittent bolus and the other one had intermittent drops and then the two groups were compaired from the point of pulmonary aspiration. Sample: 74 Patients were selected consecutively and assigned randomly to one of the groups. Results: The result indicated a significant difference between two methods of tube feeding (intermittent bolus and intermittent drops) Conclusion: Findings showed that the rate of pulmonary aspiration is higher in intermittent bolus than in intermittent drops. Therefore recommendation is made about usage of intermittent drops instead of intermittent bolus. Pulmonary aspiration Intermittent bolus tube feeding Intermittent drops tube feeding 2002 12 01 88 92 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-102-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2002 15 32 THE PREVALENCE OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN WHO WERE ATTENDED IN IRAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES’ HOSPITALS Jahanfar, Sh Malkzadegan Jamshidi, R Background: The prevalence of domestic violence (DV), men’s violence against women during pregnancy is very high, and is associated with significant psychological and physical impairment of mother and the fetus. Objective: The major objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of DV among expectant mothers who had attended in Iran University of Medical Sciences’ (IUMS) hospitals. Design: This is a cross sectional study, in which the subjects were interviewed by using a standard questionnaire. Sample: 1800 subjects were selected, by using consecutive sampling in 6 major hospitals of IUMS. Results: The prevalence of DV was found to be 60.6%, including 3 types of physical, psychological and sexual, with the prevalence of 14.6%, 60.5% and 23.5% respectively. Severe physical DV was 43.3. Severe psychological and sexual DV were also found (24.2 and 3.5%). Conclusion: DV had a high prevalence in this study. It is recommended that all accessible pregnant women be screened for DV. Study of the prevalence of DV within the community with a larger sample size, and using cluster sampling method would be of immense value. Domestic Violence Pregnancy Prevalence 2002 12 01 93 99 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-100-en.pdf
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Iran Journal of Nursing IJN 2008-5931 2008-5931 10.52547/ijn 2002 15 32 EFFECT OF WATCHING CHILDBIRTH BY VIDEOTAPE ON ANXIETY LEVEL OF PRIMIGRAVID MOTHERS Motevally, E Faizi, Z Ganji, T Haghani, H Background: Increased serum level of catecholamines due to anxiety, has deleterious effects on pregnancy outcome. While, one of the causes of anxiety during pregnancy is fear of unknowns and childbirth process, especially among primigravida mothers, we assumed that, viewing videotape about childbirth may reduce their anxiety. Objective: To determine the effect of viewing videotape about childbirth on anxiety level of primigravida mothers. Design: This was a field trial study with control group. Sample: 62 primigravida mothers with 37-40 weeks of gestation receiving prenatal care, were selected and assigned randomly to experimental and control groups (31 in each group). Result: There was no significant difference between two groups considering level of anxiety. Conclusion: Although, there was no significant difference between two groups considering level of anxiety, the results showed reduction of the level of anxiety in experimental group, after one week and this finding support viewing of childbirth process. Overall, in order to increase the position effects of this kind of films it is recommended to provide sessions of prenatal teachings on respiratory exercises, during delivery, and attitude modification toward childbirth process. Videotape on childbirth Anxiety Anxiety in pregnancy 2002 12 01 100 105 http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1010-en.pdf