@article{ author = {Yaghoobi, M and Navidian, A and Charkhat-gorgich, EAH and Salehiniya, H}, title = {Nurses’ Perspectives of the Types and Causes of Medication Errors}, abstract ={  Abstract   Background & Aim: Medication is one of the most important aspects of the nursing profession. This study was carried out with the aim of determining nurses’ perspective of types and causes of medication errors in selected hospitals of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences.   Material & Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted in 2013. The research population consisted of 127 nurses working in selected hospitals affiliated to Zahedan University of Medical Sciences who were recruited by census. Data was collected by a three-part questionnaire and analyzed by t-test and ANOVA using SPSS-PC (v. 16).   Results: The mean and standard deviation of the most frequent medication errors were respectively related to the rapid infusion of the medicines that nurses should have injected slowly (0.47±0.92), non- adherence to the necessary steps related to the medicines requiring special attention (0.46±0.82), and no dilution of medicines that must be diluted (0.37±0.72). Also the most common causes of medication errors were reported as fatigue related to heavy workload (99.2%), many ill patients (80.3%) and distorted and unreadable physician's orders (79.5%). Significant relationships were found between the occurrence of medication errors and type of employment and shift work (p<0.05).   Conclusion: Regarding the types and causes of medication errors from nurses’ perspective, approaches to increase nursing staff, using electronic medical kardexes, and retraining courses on pharmacologic information would be helpful.}, Keywords = {Medication Errors, Nurse, Perspective}, volume = {28}, Number = {93}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.93.94.1}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2008-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2008-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Aliyari, N and FallahiKhoshknab, M and Khankeh, HR and Hoseini, MA and Yazdani, M}, title = {The Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Group Intervention on the Stress Levels of New Graduate Nurses}, abstract ={  Abstract   Background & Aim: New graduate nurses bear high levels of stress which could lead to unpleasant personal and professional outcomes. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral group intervention on the stress levels of new graduate nurses.   Material & Methods: It was a quasi-experimental pretest -posttest study with control group. A total of 80 new graduate nurses were first recruited by purposeful sampling and then were randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups (n=40). Eight, 90 minutes sessions of cognitive behavioral group intervention was performed for the experimental group two times a week. Control group received no intervention. The data was collected before and after the intervention by “Expanded Nursing Stress Scale” and analyzed by inferential statistics such as chi-square and independent T test using SPSS- PC (v. 20).   Results: The findings showed that the mean score of stress level has reduced significantly after the intervention (from 44/44 to 29/44) (p<0/001). No significant reduction was found in the stress levels of control group (p=0/276). There was also a significant difference between the mean score of stress levels of the two groups after intervention (p<0/001). Conclusion: According to the findings cognitive behavioral group intervention can reduce the stress levels of new graduate nurses. Therefore, using this intervention in the beginning of new graduate nurses’ work is suggested.}, Keywords = {Cognitive behavior therapy, Stress, Licensed practical nurses}, volume = {28}, Number = {93}, pages = {11-21}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.93.94.11}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2036-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2036-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Hasanpour, M and Hasanzadeh, A and GhaediHeidari, F and Bagheri, M}, title = {Critical Thinking Skills of Nursing Students}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Promoting students’ critical thinking (CT) skills has been an essential goal of higher education, especially in nursing education. Unstable clinical situation requires nurses with proper ability of decision making which needs critical thinking. Accordingly this study was conducted to evaluate the critical thinking skills of nursing students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Material & Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 169 nursing students who were recruited by stratified proportion to size sampling. The Data was collected by “California Critical Thinking Skills Test B” and analyzed by spearman correlation, Pearson correlation, T test and ANOVA using SPSS-PC (v. 16). Results: Critical thinking skills in nursing students in all three levels was less than 50 percent (%32/8) and There was no significant correlation between educational levels of students and the mean score of critical thinking skills and its subscales by ANOVA test ( p>0/05). Conclusion: Despite the emphasis on the necessity of students’ critical thinking in higher education, the existent context does not have the required efficacy and needs some revision.}, Keywords = {Critical thinking, Nursing students }, volume = {28}, Number = {93}, pages = {22-31}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.93.94.22}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2047-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2047-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Morowatisharifabad, MA and Azad, E and Zarezadeh, R and Rezaeipandari, H and PourMovahed, Z and Karimi, M}, title = {Knowledge, Performance and Perceptions of Nurses in NICUs and Neonatal Units about Kangaroo Care and its barriers}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: kangaroo care as a suitable and effective method of care for low birth weight and premature newborns and also their health promotion has been known in various countries around the world. Regarding the importance of nurses’ knowledge and performance about this kind of care, the study aimed to examine knowledge, performance and perceptions of nurses in NICUs and neonatal units of hospitals in Yazd city about kangaroo care and its barriers. Material & Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 62 nurses working in NICUs and neonatal units of 6 hospitals of Yazd city. Data was collected by Kangaroo Care Questionnaire (KCQs) and analyzed by person correlation coefficient test using SPSS-PC (v. 16). Results: According to the findings 69/5% of the sample reported that kangaroo care has been done in their work place and 82.8% reported that they have recommend kangaroo care to mothers. From the samples’ view, nurses’ refuse to participate in kangaroo care (30/9%) and this belief that "Incubator care is more effective than kangaroo care" (37/9%) were the most important barriers to kangaroo care. There was also a significant positive relationship between the constructs of knowledge and benefits with disadvantages and appropriateness (p< 0/01), and nurses’ age and working experience (p<0/05). Conclusion: Regarding the high percent of participation in kangaroo care, it seems that education and encouragement could be effective for the continuation of the method. In service education is also recommended to remove barriers.}, Keywords = {Knowledge, Performance, Kangaroo Care, Perception, Nurse, NICU }, volume = {28}, Number = {93}, pages = {32-41}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.93.94.32}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2049-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2049-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Dehghani, M and HayavieHaghighi, MH and Salimi, J and Khorami, F}, title = {Culture of Patient Safety from Nurses’ Perspective}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Patient safety is a major concern for health care organizations. The first step to improve culture of patient safety is its assessment. Accordingly this study was performed with the aim of assessing culture of patient safety from nurses’ perspective in the hospitals affiliated to Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences. Material & Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 190 nurses working in educational hospitals of Hormozgan province who were recruited by stratified random sampling in 2012. Data was collected by Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire (HOSPIC) and analyzed by independent T. test, one-way ANOVA and Post hoc test of LSD using SPSS- PC (v. 16). Results: Among the different dimensions of patient safety culture, the lowest score was related to the number of employees and its related issues (40.25%) and the highest score was related to team work in the unit (85.60%). In the past 12 months, 63 nurses (35.7%) did not report any errors and 53 nurses (30.1%) reported only 1 or 2 error. Significant differences was seen between the score of different dimensions of patient safety culture and nurses’ work experience, the type of employment, hospitals, and the amount of working hours (p <0.05). Conclusion: Regarding the findings, it is suggested that managers and policy makers identify the factors involved in patient safety culture and improve the working environment, and promote supportive organizational climate in hospitals. Farther research is needed to detect the causes of nurses' failure to report medical errors.}, Keywords = {Patient safety culture, Medical errors, Nurses}, volume = {28}, Number = {93}, pages = {42-54}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.93.94.42}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2071-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2071-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {AkbariBalotanbegan, A and Rezaei, AM and MohammadyFar, MA and Najafi, M and AkbariBalootbangan, I}, title = {Psychometric Properties of Occupational Hardiness Questionnaire Short form among Nurses}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Occupational hardiness as a set of personality traits is a source of resistance and protection against stressful life events. The aim of this study was assessment of psychometric properties of Occupational Hardiness Scale. Material & Methods: A total of 210 nurses were recruited through stratified sampling method and responded to Occupational Hardiness Scale, Beck Depression Questionnaire, and Rosenberg Self-esteem Questionnaire. Data was analyzed by factor analysis, Cronbach;#39s alpha coefficients and Pearson correlations using SPSS-PC (v. 22).  Results: Exploratory factor analysis, item-total correlation and reliability analyses were undertaken to assess the psychometric properties of the Occupational Hardiness Scale. Pearson correlation results indicated a significant relationship between hardiness and depression (r= -0.31 and p;le0.01) and self-esteem (r=0.28 and p;le0.01). Also hardiness scale reliability was assessed using Cronbach;#39s alpha and it was 0.78 for the total scale, 0.81 for challenge, and 0.75 for commitment and 0.88 for control subscales. Conclusion: The Persian version of Occupational Hardiness Scale had acceptable psychometric properties in nurses’ population and it can be used as a valid instrument in psychological and health research.}, Keywords = {Hardiness, Nurses, Psychometric, Factor analysis }, volume = {28}, Number = {93}, pages = {55-65}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.93.94.55}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2089-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2089-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Heydari, A and Pourghaznein, T}, title = {Critical Appraisal of the Ethical Considerations’ Reports in Nursing Studies Published by Iranian Nursing Journals}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: In order to support the rights of the human subjects and to prevent their exposure to the probable risks arising from research, it is necessary to monitor the observance of all ethical principles and codes. This study was conducted to describe the state of ethical considerations’ reports in the nursing studies published by the nursing journals of Iran. Material & Methods: All the articles published by five scientific nursing journals during 2014 were selected by census and their ethical considerations’ reports were assessed by a researcher made checklist. Data was analyzed by SPSS- PC and the frequency of the results was reported according to the type of the study and the published journals. Results: Among 294 reviewed articles, 128 (43.5%) reported institutional review board permission, 203 (69%) reported obtaining informed consent; 119 (58.5%) reported obtaining written consent; 87 (29.6) reported confidentiality of information and 66 (22.4%) reported the awareness of the subjects of freedom to leave the study. The assessed journals were different by the reporting of these indexes and the percentage of institutional review board permission and obtaining informed consent was higher in two journals compared with other journals. Conclusion: The findings showed that adherence to ethical considerations have been overlooked in some cases; therefore, it is necessary that the research ethics committees monitor the ethical issues more precisely during implementation of nursing studies. Also holding research workshops and the workshops on reporting the ethical observations, more emphasis on ethical guidelines in nursing journals and reviewers’ attention to the ethical considerations of these journals are recommended.}, Keywords = {Informed consent, Nursing clinical research, Institutional review board.}, volume = {28}, Number = {93}, pages = {66-77}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.93.94.66}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2106-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2106-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Zahednezhad, H and Manoochehri, H and ZaghariTafreshi, M and FarokhnezhadAfshar, P and GhaneiGheshlagh, R}, title = {Relationship between Organizational Justice and Nurses’ Psychological Empowerment}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Individuals;#39 perception of organizational justice is very important. The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between organizational justice and psychological empowerment of nurses working in hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Material & Methods: It was a descriptive- correlational study. The sample consisted of 155 nurses working in hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences who were recruited by random stratified sampling during 2012. Data was collected by Niehooff and Moorman’s Organizational Justice questionnaire and Spreitzer’s Psychological Empowerment instrument and analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression using SPSS-PC (v. 16). Results: A significant positive correlation was found between organizational justice and nurses’ psychological empowerment (p= 0.005). Also the results of multiple regression showed that interactional justice can explain %53 of the variance of Psychological empowerment of nurses. Conclusion: Regarding the significant relationship between organizational justice and nurses’ psychological empowerment, managers’ attention to organizational justice of healthcare system to improve the nurses’ psychological empowerment is suggested.}, Keywords = {Organizational justice, Psychological empowerment, Nurses}, volume = {28}, Number = {93}, pages = {78-86}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.93.94.78}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2112-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2112-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Almasi, M and Mahmoudiani, S and Ghasemi, T}, title = {Comparing Spiritual Health and Quality of Life among Fertile and Infertile Women}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Infertility is a stressful phenomenon and has psycho-social aspects. This study was carried out with the aim of comparing the quality of life and spiritual health and their different dimensions among fertile and infertile women in Ilam city. Materials & Methods: It was a cross- sectional, comparative study. The sample consisted of 200 married 15-49 year old women who referred to obstetricians during the second half of 2014. Data was collected by SF36 and spiritual health questionnaire (SWB) and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS-PC (v. 16). Results: The findings showed that there has been a significant difference between the mean scores of all assessed dimensions and the spiritual health and quality of life of fertile women was better than infertile women. There were also significant relationships between physical health and spiritual health (r=0.332), existential health and physical health (r=0.348), and existential health and quality of life (r=0.281) among fertile women. Conclusion: Considering the low levels of spiritual health and quality of life among infertile women, it is recommended that obstetricians, gynecologists and midwives, pay special attention not only to therapeutic aspects but also to psychological and social issues related to infertile women.}, Keywords = {Infertility, Women, Quality of life, Spiritual health}, volume = {28}, Number = {93}, pages = {87-95}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.93.94.87}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2145-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2145-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Babaii, A and Adib-Hajbaghery, M and Hajibagheri, A}, title = {The Effect of Aromatherapy with Damask Rose and Blindfold on Sleep Quality of Patients Admitted to Cardiac Critical Care Units}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Sleep is one of the physiological needs of patients; however, sleep disorders are prevalent among patients hospitalized in cardiac care units. This study aimed to compare the effect of Damask rose aromatherapy and blindfold on sleep quality of patients hospitalized in cardiac care units. Material & Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 60 patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected conveniently and randomly assigned into Damask rose aromatherapy and blindfold groups using blocked randomization. In addition to the routine care, interventions were implemented for three subsequent nights from 22:00 to 6:00 A.M. In both groups and the patients’ sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, before and after the three nights. Data was analyzed using Chi-square, independent t, Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests using SPSS-PC (v. 11.5).  Results: The overall sleep quality significantly improved after the intervention in both Damask rose aromatherapy (P = 0.001) and blindfold groups (P = 0.001). Although improvement of sleep quality was higher in blindfold group (P = 0.005). Conclusion: Both Damask rose aromatherapy and blindfold could improve the sleep quality of patients hospitalized in the cardiac care unit, though blindfold was more effective. Therefore, according to patient’s preference, one of these methods might be used to improve the sleep quality.}, Keywords = {Aromatherapy, Coronary Care Unit, Nursing, Sleep}, volume = {28}, Number = {93}, pages = {96-105}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.93.94.96}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2146-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2146-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Parsamehr, M and Afshani, A and Nikoo, F}, title = {Relationship between Anxiety and Depression with Quality of Life after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Anxiety and depression could lead to physical or psychological consequences and reduce the quality of life of patients. The present study was carried out to determine the relationship between anxiety and depression with quality of life in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft. Material & Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 102 patients who had been undergone coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) in Azahra hospital of Shiraz city. The patients were recruited by convenience sampling method. Data was collected by standardized hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and global Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and analyzed by statistical tests of Pearson correlation, t-test and hierarchical multiple regression using SPSS-PC (v. 20). Results: There was a significantly negative relationship among depression and anxiety with quality of life (P<0.001). Quality of life was also significantly associated with sex (p<0/001), educational level (p<0/033), income (p<0/001) and occupational status (p< 0/001). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that the sociodemographic variables (step1) have explained %14/3 and clinical variables (step2) explained %70/4 of the variance of the quality of life. Conclusion: Regarding the frequency of anxiety and depression among these patients and its negative impact on treatment outcome and quality of life of patients with coronary artery diseases, performing appropriate screening and therapeutic approaches for this group of patients is suggested.}, Keywords = {Quality of life, Anxiety, Depression, Coronary Artery Bypass Graft}, volume = {28}, Number = {93}, pages = {106-117}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.93.94.106}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2152-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2152-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Razaghi, N and Rafii, F and Parvizy, S and SadatHosseini, AS}, title = {Concept Analysis of Spirituality in Nursing}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Spirituality is a global phenomenon and everyone experience it. Nurses need to have a common understanding of spirituality before they begin to care for patients. However, there is yet ambiguity and disagreement on the definition and attributes of this concept. The present study was carried out to clarify the concept and reduce the semantic ambiguities in its definition to achieve a uniform, clear and understandable definition of spirituality in nursing. Material & Methods: Walker and Avant's eight-step model was used as the method. After extensive review of all published articles from 2000 to 2015, 42 articles were included into the analysis. By following the steps of the model, definitions, properties, applications, antecedents, consequences and empirical referents of the concept of spirituality were derived. Results: According to the analysis, spirituality as a metaphysical or transcendental phenomenon, includes properties of personal, subjective, and inner experience and the power of coordinating other aspects of existence, search for meaning and purpose of life and significant relations (personal, interpersonal and transpersonal (God or a higher power). The consequences of the concept of spirituality include health or relief of suffering, coping, comfort, hope and finally, transcendence. The definition of spirituality will be influenced by the perspective of human-centered philosophy (and secular), or God-centered philosophy. A conceptual model was proposed based on the findings. Conclusion: The concept of spirituality has different meanings depending on the cultural and philosophical background. In fact, it is a totally context dependent concept. Further research is suggested in this area, especially in the Islamic - Iranian context.}, Keywords = {Spirituality, Nursing, Concept analysis, Walker and Avant}, volume = {28}, Number = {93}, pages = {118-131}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.93.94.118}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2153-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2153-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Babaei, R and Mahdiun, H and Nazari, AM}, title = {The effect of Reminiscence on Elderly Hope}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Successful aging and life satisfaction accompanies with continued and high levels of hope in subsequent stages of life. This study examines the effect of reminiscence therapy on hope in elderly.  Material & Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study. A total of 24 elderly of Karaj city were randomly recruited among the elderly of Setayesh hospice and were voluntary assigned into experimental (n=12) and control (n=12) groups. Reminiscence therapy was performed during eight sessions for the experimental group. Hope was assessed in the two groups before and immediately after intervention by Snyder questionnaire. Data was analyzed by independent and pair T test using SPSS-PC (v. 21).   Results: There was a significant difference between experimental and control groups after intervention (P< 0.001). The mean score of hope in the experimental group was increased from 23.83±3.01 before intervention to 28.08±2.06 after the intervention (P= 0.000). Conclusion: According to the findings it can be said that reminiscence therapy increases elderly hope. Therefore using this simple, practical and inexpensive technique in hospices is recommended.}, Keywords = {Elderly, Hope, Reminiscence}, volume = {28}, Number = {93}, pages = {132-139}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.93.94.132}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2159-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2159-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Mirlashari, J and Sadeghi, T and Sagheb, S and Khanmohammadzadeh, T}, title = {Nurses’ and physicians’ Perspective about Barriers to Implement Family Centered Care in Neonatal Intensive Care Units}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Despite widespread implementation of family-centered care (FCC) in children’s hospitals, there is insufficient information about the degree of and barriers to its implementation. This study aims to determine the perspectives of nurses and physicians about barriers to FCC in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Material & Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample was all of the nurses and physicians working in the NICUs of the educational hospitals. Data was collected by a researcher-made valid questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS-PC (v.16).     Results: “Units which are not equipped enough for family centered care implementation” (76.6%), “family problems (74%) and “Parents unwilling to stay in the units for a long time” (73.3%) were respectively the three most important barriers from nurses’ perspective. From physicians’ perspective, “Units which are not equipped enough for family-centered care implementation” (69%), “Parents unwilling to stay in the wards for a long time” (65%), and “absence of clear rules and guidelines for the level of involvement of parents in neonatal care” (64%) were respectively the three most important barriers to the implementation of family centered care. Conclusion: Although nurses and physicians agreed upon two barriers but they were not so agree about other factors. To facilitate family centered care, it seems that consideration of the two groups’ perspective to provide an appropriate environment and needed changes in intensive care units is necessary.}, Keywords = {Family Centered Nursing, Physician, Nurse, Neonatal Intensive Care }, volume = {28}, Number = {93}, pages = {140-150}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.93.94.140}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2161-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2161-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Dargahi, SH and Zeraati, M and GhamariGivi, H and Ayadi, N and Haghanni, M}, title = {The Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Training on Emotional Well- Being and Marital Satisfaction of Infertile Women}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Infertility as a biological phenomenon has personal and interpersonal psychological effects. Accordingly, expression of psychological consequences would be expectable after its diagnosis. The aim of current study is to determine the effectiveness of emotional regulation training on emotional well-being and marital satisfaction of infertile women. Material & Methods: It was a quasi-experimental, pre-test and post-test study with control group. The statistical population was all infertile women attending to the obstetricians and gynecologists’ clinics in Parsabad city during 2014. A total of 40 infertile women were recruited by convenience sampling and then were assigned randomly to experimental and control groups. The three months period emotion regulation training was applied to the experimental group. Data was collected by marital satisfaction and emotional well-being questionnaires before and after intervention and analyzed by Univariate covariance analysis (ANCOVA) using SPSS-PC (v.16). Results: The results showed that emotional regulation training could significantly increase the emotional well-being and marital satisfaction among infertile women (P≥ 0.01). Conclusion: According to the results emotion regulation training have positive effects on emotional well-being and marital satisfaction of infertile women. Accordingly especial training programs for these women are recommended. }, Keywords = {Emotion, Mental Health, Marital, Satisfaction, Infertility}, volume = {28}, Number = {93}, pages = {151-162}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.93.94.151}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2168-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2168-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Jafarzadeh, S and MohammadkhanKermanshahi, S}, title = {Parental Views about Complications of Computer Game in School Age Girls}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: computer games have inevitably devoted a significant portion of children and adolescent's socialization. This study has been conducted with the aim of examining views of parents about the long-term effects of computer games on primary school girls. Material & Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 150 mothers of school girls studying in first to sixth grade who were recruited by convenience sampling in 2013. Data was collected by a researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive statistics and Chi-square test using SPSS-PC (v. 16).   Results: The complications of long term use of computer game from mothers’ views was reported as reduction of social interaction and physical activity (%77.3), burning eyes and Poor eyesight (%76.7), dropout (%72.7), aggression (%62), obesity (%54), and musculoskeletal problems (%36.7) respectively. In addition %59.3 of mothers reported that all family members use computer in their homes. The most important factor of long term use of computer from mothers’ view was no restriction to use computer games in their home (%68.7). Conclusion: Regarding the findings, in order to protect and promote children’s health it is recommended that training courses will be initiated for children, parents and teachers in line with changing their viewpoints and supervision of the type and conditions of computer games, child nutrition and maintaining children’s ergonomic body condition while playing the games. }, Keywords = {School age, Computer games, Parental, Complications}, volume = {28}, Number = {93}, pages = {163-172}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.93.94.163}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2171-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2171-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Valikhani, A and Khormaei, F}, title = {Religion and Pain: Prediction of Pain Dimensions Based on Patience}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Chronic pain as a disabling disorder dose not completely respond to the routine medical treatments. Consequently identification of the risk factors and psychologic-protective factors of pain such as religion and spirituality seems necessary. The aim of this study was to predict the physical, emotional, and cognitive dimensions of pain based on patience.  Material & Methods: It was a correlational structural equation modeling study. A total of 110 patients with cardiovascular diseases were recruited by convenient sampling from the outpatient clinic of Imam Reza in the city of Shiraz. Data was collected by a researcher made patience scale and chronic pain inventory and analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and structural equation modeling using SPSS-PS (v.16) and Amos 16.0. Results: The results showed that patience is negatively correlated with total pain and its physical, emotional, and cognitive dimensions (p< 0.01). There was a significant negative relationship between the subscales of patience, tolerance and consent with total pain and its triple dimensions (p< 0.05). The subscale of delay was negatively associated with total pain and its physical dimension (p< 0.05). There was no significant relationship between transcendence and persistence with pain and its dimensions. The structural equation modeling (SEM) showed that the patience latent variable has strongly predicted the pain (β= -0.44, p< 0.05). Conclusion: Regarding the findings, it could be concluded that psychological factors especially religious variables play an important role in alleviating pain in cardiovascular diseases. In between, patience as an important variable in the experience of physical, emotional and psychological dimensions of pain could have an important role.}, Keywords = {Cardiovascular Diseases, Pain, Religion, Spirituality}, volume = {28}, Number = {95}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.95.1}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2177-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2177-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Nazari, S and Abolmaali, KH}, title = {The Review of Relationship between Perfectionism (positive and negative) and Self-esteem in Predicting Sexual Satisfaction among Married Women}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aims: This study aims to investigate the relationship between perfectionism (positive and negative) and self-esteem (personal competence and self-approbation) in predicting women's sexual satisfaction. Material & methods: A descriptive and co relational design was used in this study. Also, this study was performed in the first quarter of 1393 year on all married women who referred to the 32 healthcare centers located in 2 region of Tehran city. The participants selected by Krejcie & Morgan Table (1970). A sample of 200 women were selected by out of this population. In this study, three standardized questionnaires were used incloding Hadson Sexual satisfaction index (ISS), Terry-Short Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale and Rosenberg self-esteem Scale. Gathered data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, regression, one-way ANOVA. Results: The findings showed that Predictor variables were not able to predict sexual satisfaction (F (4,195) =2/30, P>0/05) and only 0/04 percent of variations in sexual satisfaction is explained by these variables. Also, among predictor variables, self-approbation (t= -2/30 >|2|, β = -0/23 P< 0/05) which is independent of other predictive variables was able to predict and explain women's sexual satisfaction. In invesigating the effect of age and marriage length, a one-way ANOVA showed that the age (F (4, 195) = 0/75, P > 0/05) and marriage length (F (4, 195) = 1/55, P > 0/05) cannot act as good predictors. Conclusion: According to importance of self-esteem and its relation with human behavior and actions especially in the family, and its impact on sexual satisfaction, it is necessary to provide a fertile ground for further improvements in women’s self esteem.}, Keywords = {Sexual satisfaction, Self-esteem, Perfectionism, Women}, volume = {28}, Number = {95}, pages = {11-21}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.95.11}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2189-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2189-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Abbasi, M and Bagiyan, MJ and Dargahi, SH and GhamariGivi, H}, title = {Effectiveness of Behavioral-Communication Couple Therapy on Marital Adjustment and Sexual Intimacy}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aims: There are different approaches in the field of couple therapy and family therapy and researchers over the years have been measuring their credibility and effectiveness. Bernstein Behavioral-communication is one of these approaches. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Bornstein behavioral-communication couple therapy on increasing marital adjustment and sexual intimacy of Couples. Material & Methods: This study method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest control group. The Statistical Society of current research consisted of all couples referring to counseling centers of Nurabad city (Lorestan) in 2014. The research sample included 80 couples who refer to Family counseling centers, Social Welfare and Health Network; they selected by available sampling method, and assigned in two experimental and control groups. The instrument used in this study included Spinner adjustment questionnaires and Bagarozzi sexual intimacy questionnaires. Analysis of variance with repeated measures used for data analysis. Results: The results from the mixed analysis of variance with repeated measures showed that the marital adjustment and sexual intimacy of experimental group increased (P≥0.001). Also the visual inspection of effectiveness graphs and the size of impact factor revealed that the scores of marital and sexual intimacy had significantly increased after two months follow up of participants in experimental group. Conclusion: The results of showed that couples therapies with Behavioral-Communication method are effective in increasing the adjustment and sexual intimacy. Therefore we propose the couples therapies with Behavioral-Communication method in counseling centers for more adjustment and sexual intimacy of couples.}, Keywords = {Communication, Couple therapy, Adjustment, Sexual Satisfaction, Couples}, volume = {28}, Number = {95}, pages = {22-33}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.95.22}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2190-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2190-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Sharifi, N and Najar, SH}, title = {The Relationship between Type of Consumed Food, Physical Activity and Anthropometric Indicators with Precocious Puberty among 5 -8 Years -Old Girls in Ahwaz, Iran}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aims: The mean age of puberty is different from one country to another and the beginning time of puberty is influenced by various factors including environmental and genetic factors. This study was aimed at identifying the relationship between consumed food, physical activity and anthropometric indicators with precocious puberty among 5-8 years -old girls in the Ahwaz. Material & Methods: It was a cross-sectional study and 426 5-8 years-old girls participated in the study in the city of Ahvaz. Sampling was performed through cluster random sampling. 12 preschools and primary schools were selected from 4 districts of Ahvaz. The study gathering tool was included a demographic questionnaire, physical activity, food frequency and check list of Physical examination. Data was collected based on examination, interviewing and direct measurement of participants’ height, weight and calculation of their body mass index. Then, collected data analyzed by SPSS software version 19 and Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent t-test & and Chi-square) used to analyze the data. Results: our results showed that 45 participants (10/6%) had symptoms of Thelarche, Pubarche or both. There was a significant relationship between precocious puberty and physical activity (p<0.05), although it was not significant between nutrition and precocious puberty (p>0.05). Conclusion: The results showed a decrease in puberty age in comparison to the past. Since few studies have been performed in this area, this study can provide basic information for future studies as well as international comparisons.}, Keywords = {Precocious puberty, Nutrition, Physical activity, Thelarche, Pubarche}, volume = {28}, Number = {95}, pages = {34-43}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.95.34}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2191-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2191-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Beigzadeh, A and Rahimi, M and Lashkari, M and Haghdoost, AA and SeyedAskari, SM}, title = {A Survey on the Characteristics of an Effective Clinical Teacher from the Viewpoints of Nursing students at Kerman University of Medical Sciences,}, abstract ={Abstract Background & aims: Nursing students gain personal, professional and clinical skills from their clinical teachers in clinical settings. It should be noted that any deficiencies in clinical education decreases the efficiency and performance of graduating students. Thus, the role of clinical teachers and their quality of teaching are pivotal in clinical education. The purpose of this study was to determine the perspective of nursing students about the characteristics of an effective clinical teacher. Material & Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study during the first and second academic year of 2013. Based on convenience sampling 115 nursing students who were on their clinical wards in affiliated hospitals of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran entered the study. A valid and reliable questionnaire, its face and content validity were approved by obtaining the opinions of medical education and nursing experts, was used to gather data. The questionnaire contained pre-specified items in 2 sections relating to demographic characteristics of respondents and characteristics of an efficient clinical teacher. All tests were conducted with SPSS version 16. For data analysis, descriptive tests (mean and standard deviation) and analytical test (cluster analysis) were conducted. Results: The highest mean scores for characteristics of an efficient clinical teacher were given to features as appropriate appearance (8.88) respectful to colleagues (8.42), respectful to patients (8.40), respectful to students (8.34), being good tempered (8.27), and professionalism (8.26). Totally, 2 broad characteristics were identified. Based on cluster analysis these characteristics can be classified into personal traits and clinical teaching skills. Conclusion: Personal traits and clinical teaching skills play a pivotal role in educating nursing students. Consequently, paying attention to these characteristics in clinical settings can enhance students' performance and improve the higher education system. }, Keywords = {Nursing faculty, Clinical Education, Nursing Students, Nursing Education }, volume = {28}, Number = {95}, pages = {44-53}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.95.44}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2194-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2194-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {VafaeiFooladi, A and Rassouli, M and Yaghmaie, F and Shakeri, N}, title = {Assessing Correlation between Spiritual Wellbeing and Stress of Mothers of Hospitalized Newborns in Neonatal Intensive Care Units}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Every year a large number of premature and sick infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care units. This is a stressful event for parents and especially the mother. There is a small amount of information relating to the factors associated with maternal stress in the NICU. As Spirituality is a source of energy and power to cope with stress, the aim of this study was to determine correlation between spiritual wellbeing and stress in mothers of hospitalized newborns in the NICU. Material & Method: In this descriptive correlational study, 180 mothers of hospitalized newborns in selected hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences were recruited by convenience sampling method. Data collection tools included Demographic characteristics questionnaire, “Parental Stressor Scale: NICU” (PSS: NICU) and “Spiritual well Being Scale” (SWBS). Data were analyzed with SPSS/16 and statistical tests including Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation were used. Results: The results showed that most of mothers (56.7%) had moderate stress, and 25 percent experienced severe stress. Also, most of the mothers participating in present study (51.1%) had a very high spiritual wellbeing. There was a significant adverse correlation between stress of mothers and her spiritual wellbeing (r= -0.48, p<0.001). Conclusion: This study has determined correlation between spiritual wellbeing and stress in mothers of hospitalized newborns in the NICU. According to the findings of this research, neonatal special nurses can reduce stress of mothers with identifying mothers who are at risk for stress and providing spiritual support to them.}, Keywords = {Mothers, Spiritual wellbeing, Stress, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit}, volume = {28}, Number = {95}, pages = {54-62}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.95.54}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2198-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2198-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Azarniveh, MS and TavakoliKhormizi, SA}, title = {Depression and Academic Achievements in Athletes and Non-athletes University Students: A Comparative Study}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aims: Depression is a common mental disorder and physical activity and exercise are the most important ways to prevent and treat it. The aim of this study was to compare depression and academic achievement in athlete and non-athlete university students. Material & Methods: The present study was a comparative cross-sectional study. The population consisted of 375 students (athletes and non-athletes). Participants were selected by multistage sampling and completed the standard Beck Depression Inventory questionnaire. The academic achievement of students evaluated with the average of their scores in past two semester Data analyzed using SPSS software, version18, through descriptive statistics, t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient with a significance level of P≤0/05. Results: The results showed that 42% of athletes and 48% of non-athletes students had a various degrees of depression. Significant difference was found between depression in athletes and non-athletes student (P<0/05) but there was no significant difference between academic achievement of these groups (P>0/05). Significant inverse correlation was found also between depression and academic achievement of students (P<0/05). Conclusion: Given the relatively high prevalence of depression among students and the undeniable positive effects of exercise, it is necessary to consider exercise as a strategy for preventing mental illness, decrease the healthcare costs and improve students' academic achievement.}, Keywords = {Depression, Academic Achievement, Students, Athletes and Non-Athletes}, volume = {28}, Number = {96}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.96.1}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2200-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2200-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Ghiyasvandian, SH and Jalaliniya, F and FadaeiDehcheshme, M and Mehran, A and Saatchi, K}, title = {Effect of Acupressure on Bowel Elimination in Patients with Skeletal Traction}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Constipation and change in bowel elimination is one of the most common and irritating complications in immobile patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of acupressure on bowel elimination in patients with skeletal traction. Material & Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental study. The study sample consisted of 120 patients with skeletal traction hospitalized in Sina and Shariati hospitals from late March, 2014 to late December, 2014 who were selected according to convenience sampling and then assigned to an experimental group (n: 60) and a control group (n: 60). In the experimental group acupressure was performed on LI4, SJ6, and ST25 points for two min, twice a day for 3 days. After the first bowel elimination to collect the data a researcher-developed questionnaire of bowel elimination was used. The data were analyzed by Fisher’s exact test, independent t-test, and chi-square test in SPSS 21. Conclusion: According to the results, acupressure as a noninvasive and non-pharmacological therapy is recommended to improve bowel elimination in immobile patients.Results: The independent t-test indicated a significant difference between the control and acupressure groups in the mean score of bowel elimination (P<0/05) and the majority of the experimental group had a relatively easy bowel elimination. The chi-square test indicated a significant difference between the two groups in the first defecation time (P<0/05) and the experimental group had an earlier bowel elimination.}, Keywords = {Acupressure, Bowel elimination, Skeletal traction, Immobility }, volume = {28}, Number = {96}, pages = {11-21}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.96.11}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2202-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2202-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {GhaniDehkordi, F and Amirian, Z}, title = {The Impact of Abdominal Binder on the Pain Intensity and Satisfaction of the Hospitalized Patients after Abdominal Surgery}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aims: Each year over a hundred million people are undergoing surgery and experience the postoperative pain. Immobility and pain are modifiable risk factors for development of venous thromboembolism and pulmonary morbidity after major abdominal surgery. Documentation from a few studies implies that abdominal binders diminish post-operative pain, seroma formation, psychological distress and post-operative discomfort. Thus the purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of using abdominal binder on the pain intensity of patients after abdominal surgery. Material & Methods: In a randomized controlled clinical trial, 48 patients who underwent therapeutic laparotomy surgery with abdomen midline incision allocated to intervention and control group randomly. In the first three days after surgery patients in the intervention group used the abdominal binder before the first movement in the morning, then come down the bed and walked. The pain and satisfaction questionnaire completed as soon as they go back to bed. The pain intensity and satisfaction of control group measured after walking and when they go back to bed in the morning. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics (chi-square, t-test, and Friedman) were used. Results:Patients in the intervention group experienced a significant decrease in pain intensity (p<0.05). Patients' satisfaction was significantly higher in the intervention group (p<0.05). Conclusion:The results of the study showed that abdominal binder, as a non-pharmacologic method of pain management decreased the patients’ pain and increased the patients’ satisfaction in abdominal surgery. }, Keywords = {Binder, Pain, Abdominal, Surgery, Satisfaction}, volume = {28}, Number = {96}, pages = {22-29}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.96.22}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2207-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2207-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Valizadeh, L and Avazeh, M and Babaei, N and Hosseini, MB and AsghariJafarabadi, M}, title = {The Physiological Responses of Preterm Infants to Clustered Care with Three and Five Procedures: A Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aims: The life of preterm infants admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is stressful from the moment of birth. In order to reduce the stress imposed on these infants clustered care is recommended. The aim of present study was to compare the physiological responses of preterm infants to clustered care with three and five noninvasive procedures. Material & Methods: This study was a randomized crossover clinical trial. Thirty one preterm infants were studied at 32 weeks age by clustered care with three and five procedures. Primary outcomes such as heart rate, respiratory rate and blood oxygen saturation were assessed. Data analysis conducted with a mixed model method at 0.05 significant level. Results: The findings showed that the mean of oxygen saturation on before, during and after clustered care with three procedures were respectively 97.52, 97.32, 97.84 and in clustered care with five procedures were 97.68, 97.94, 97.65. Heart rate of three procedures were 146.26, 149.90, 149.97 and five procedures were 150.61, 154.77, 154.65. Respiratory rate of three procedures were respectively 51.68, 48.87, 47.71 and five procedures were 49.10, 48.61, 49.48. All of these physiological responses were at normal range. Significant differences were not found between physiological responses of two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Clustered care with three procedures is as same as clustered care with five procedures and both of them could be recommended for stable premature infants in 32 weeks.}, Keywords = {Premature infant, Physiological, Caring, Clustering}, volume = {28}, Number = {96}, pages = {30-39}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.96.30}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2209-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2209-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Malekkhahi, A and JadidMilani, M and Amiri, P}, title = {The Effects of Peer Support Groups on Mental Health of Hemodialysis Patients}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aims: Patients treated through hemodialysis experience a great deal of psychological trauma that could lead to a reduction in their quality of life. Peer support groups could offer assistance to patients with similar experiences and thus enhance their quality of life. The aim of the present study is to determine the effects of peer support groups on mental health of patients treated with hemodialysis. Meterial & Methods: A clinical trial research conducted in to hemodialysis patients in Vasei Hospital in Sabzevar in 2013. A total of 64 Patients were divided randomly into two groups of intervention and control using block permutation. Participants in the control group received routine care of hemodialysis ward. The intervention group participated in 8 weekly peer support sessions each lasting 2 hours. Topics discussed at meetings were based on the needs and interest of patients. Research tools were the demographic and mental function part of the Kidney Disease Quality of Life- Short Form questionnaire. For data analysis, SPSS v.18 software and descriptive and analytic methods (paired t-test and independent t-test) were used. Results: Results show a significant difference between the mental health condition scores of the intervention and control groups (p value Conclusions: The results indicate that participating in the peer support groups will improve the mental health of hemodialysis patients. Therefore, the results of the present study could be useful in nursing education and nursing management and designing the nursing process for taking better care of hemodialysis patients.}, Keywords = {Hemodialysis, Chronic kidney failure, Mental health, Peer group}, volume = {28}, Number = {96}, pages = {40-49}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.96.40}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2215-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2215-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Mohamadi, J and Azizi, A}, title = {Effectiveness of Nursing Ethics Education on Ethical Reasoning Nurses}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Ethical reasoning is one of the criteria for professional qualifications of nurses. Promoting the principles of professional performance through emphasis on ethics reinforce the ethical reasoning in nurses. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of training on ethical reasoning among nurses. Material & Methods: This study is Quasi-experimental (pretest and posttest control group). The sample consisted of 30 nurses from Shahid madani hospital, Tabriz, Iran in 2014. Participants were selected by convenience sampling and randomly allocated to experimental and control groups (n=15 per group). Moral reasoning questionnaire was administered in both groups before and after intervention. Experimental group met weekly (four 90-minute sessions). The data were analyzed by analysis of covariance using SPSS v.20 software Results: The results of analysis of covariance showed that after intervention, a significant decrease in moral reasoning scores were observed in the experimental group (P = 0/001); so nursing ethics training enhanced moral reasoning significantly in experimental group . Conclusion: Nursing ethics education can increase the nurses' moral reasoning; so this intervention is recommended as an effective program to promote ethical reasoning and its implementation can improve the professional qualifications of nurses.}, Keywords = {Education, Ethics, Ethical Reasoning, Nurses }, volume = {28}, Number = {96}, pages = {50-57}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.96.50}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2218-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2218-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Rahmani, F and Ebrahimi, H and Asghari, E}, title = {Workplace Violence, its Determinants and Reaction toward it Perceived by Nurses Working in Psychiatric Wards: A Cross-Sectional Study}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Workplace violence is considered as one of the important issues in occupational health. This issue in psychiatric ward requires more special attention due to type of patients admitted there and nature of psychiatric disorders. The aim of this study was to determine workplace violence, vulnerable and preventive factors and reaction towards violence perceived by nurses working in psychiatric wards. Material & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 144 nurses (6 practical, 130 bachelor and 8 masters of nursing) working in psychiatric wards of Razi hospital in Tabriz, Iran were participated using census sampling method. Data gathered with "International Workplace Violence Questionnaire". Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics on SPSS v 13. Results: Verbal and physical violence with the frequency of 96.5% and 83.3% respectively, were the most of occurrence and cultural and sexual violence with the frequency of 27.0% and 9.7% were the least of occurrence in the work environment of nurses. Most frequent reaction of nurses to workplace violence was to calm aggressive person (27.8%).Increasing human resources (16.7%), continuing education staff (15.7%), security measures in sectors (14.2%), management guideline for violence (13.7%) and separating judicial patients from other patients (12.8%) were reported main factors to prevent workplace violence. The most common predisposing factors for violence against nurses were low ratio of nurses to patients (12.9%), lack of timely security (10.9%), legal issues of patients (10.3%), inappropriate treatment of staff with patients or their companions (8.9%) and lack of training on how to prevent violence (8.3%). Conclusion: The high prevalence of violence against psychiatric nurses indicates need to upgrade nurses' communication skills, anger management training and reduce the workload of nurses in order to reduce the violence.}, Keywords = {Workplace violence, Psychiatric nurse, Nursing}, volume = {28}, Number = {97}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.97.1}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2227-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2227-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {NadiRavandi, M and SedighArfaei, F and Barbari, M}, title = {The Relationship Between Personality Traits and the Strategies of Coping withlevels of Perceived Stress in Nurses}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: The nursing profession is considered as a major source of stress by itself. Several factors are helpful in reducing the effects of stressful situations which include strategies of coping with stress and fitting personality traits. The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between personality traits and strategies of coping with levels of perceived stress of nurses . Material & Methods: This research is a descriptive-correlational study. The population of this study wereall nurses in Shahid Beheshti Hospital, which by means of Krejcie & Morgan table, 127 nurses were selected as the sample. The instruments of this study were the NEO five-factor personality inventory, coping inventory for stressful situations by Endler and Parker and stress symptoms test. Data analysis was carried out using inferential statistics (Pearson correlation and analysis of variance) with SPSS 19. Results: Results showed that there is a significant positive correlation between neuroticism and emotion-oriented coping, between extroversion witht ask-oriented and avoidance-oriented coping and also between agreeableness and conscientiousness traitswith task-oriented coping (p<0.01). There is a significant positive relationship between neuroticism and cognitive perceived stress (p<0.05). A significant negative correlation exists between extroversion and behavioral symptoms, between openness to experience and emotional and behavioral perceived stress, between conscientiousness with physical and behavioral perceived stress. Among the variables, only the emotion-oriented coping has a significant positive correlation with perceived stress (p<0.01). Conclusion: Employing nurses with protective personality traitsand identifying nurses at risk and the use of therapeutic interventions such as teaching skills of coping with mental pressure and strengthening protective personality factors can be helpful in preventing nurses from stress and burn out.}, Keywords = {Personality Traits, Coping, Stress, Nurses }, volume = {28}, Number = {97}, pages = {11-22}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.97.11}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2228-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2228-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Javadzade, M and Sharifirad, GH and Reisi, M and NasrEsfahani, M and Mahaki, B and Mostafavi, F}, title = {Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior to Predicting Nurse’s Intention and Behavior in Using Health Literacy Strategies in Patient Education}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aims: Health literacy is one of the most important priorities for improving health care quality through enhancing patient- provider communication. Implementing health literacy strategies enables nurses to provide information and instructions for patients in a manner that is more commensurate and understandable. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting nurses’ intention to implement health literacy strategies in patient education based on theory of planned behavior. Material & Methods: A cross- sectional study conducted among 148 nurse practitioners of Al-Zahra Hospital affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, using descriptive-analytical method. Data collected via standardized questionnaire based on theory of planned behavior constructs and analyzed by SPSS v.17 using ANOVA, Independent T-test, Pearson correlation and linear regression. Results: There were statistically significant correlation between using health literacy strategies and marriage status, attending in retraining courses, employment type, job history, and job status. Perceived behavioral control was the most powerful predictor of intention (β= 0/417) and use health literacy strategies in patient education and behavior of nurses (β=0/319). Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, perceived behavioral control is a powerful determinant of nurses’ intention and behavior of using health literacy strategies in patient education. Hence we recommend nurse educators to pay special attention to the constructs of this theory mainly perceived behavioral control in retrain courses about patient education and health literacy strategies.}, Keywords = {Health Literacy, Nurse Practitioners, Patient Education}, volume = {28}, Number = {97}, pages = {23-33}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.97.23}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2231-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2231-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Abbasi, M and Moatari, M and Pourahmad, S}, title = {Patients\' Satisfaction of Nursing Care: Reflection of Clinical Governance}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aims: Nursing Services is one of the most important areas that impact on patient satisfaction. Organizations use different methods to improve the quality of care and enhance the patient‘s satisfaction. One of them is the system of clinical governance. In this study, the researcher evaluated the impact of implementing the clinical governance system for enhancing the patient’s satisfaction with nursing care. Material & Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at two hospitals on Fars province, Iran. Totally, 600 patients were selected by convenience sampling during 3 stages (prior to the implementation of clinical governances, 6 months and 1 year after the implementation). Data were collected using questionnaire of satisfaction with nursing care quality. Data analyzed with One- way ANOVA, Tucky HSD post-hoc test, the independent t-test and chi-square test using SPSS software v15. Results: The results show that the average satisfaction score of nursing care was not significantly different between baseline and 6 month after implementing clinical governance but the score one year after implementing clinical governance was significantly different from the baseline (p<0.05).          Conclusion: It seems that implementing clinical governance was effective in patients' satisfaction with nursing care. Implementing these programs is depended on spending a lot of time and money, involvement of employees and valuing the program by senior managers. Therefore, in order to manage the integrity and quality improvement, it’s better that all employees have taken an active role in these programs.}, Keywords = {Patient, Satisfaction, Clinical Governance, Quality}, volume = {28}, Number = {97}, pages = {34-41}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.97.34}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2232-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2232-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Khorashadizadeh, F and Heydari, A and HeshmatiNabavi, F and Mazlom, SR and Ebrahimi, M}, title = {Concept Analysis of Spiritual Health Based on Islamic Teachings}, abstract ={Absract Background & Aims: Recent attentions in nursing discipline to fourth dimension of health, spiritual health, leading to increasing development study to explanation this concept. In Iranian nursing the definition of spiritual health is deficient and delayed. Thus, the aim of this study was to explain the concept of spiritual health based on Islamic view. Material & Methods: This concept analysis study was done based on Walker & Evant (2005) approach. Database and dictionaries related to Islamic literature were searched. Finally 16 books, 32 articles and 2 theses from various disciplines were retrieved. Qualitative data analysis method and MAXQD7 software were used for data analysis. Results: Defining attributes of spiritual health embrace 4 categories: romantic creator- orientation, Islamic rationality, task- orientation and latter word- orientation. The consequences of spiritual health were perception of human with two- dimension system, spiritual dignity and being autonomous. The antecedences of spiritual health were being successor, comprehensive permanent purity, sprito- psycho- behavioral balance, perpetuity and permanent. Conclusion: In Islamic perspective, spiritual health is different from other cultures. Therefore health care provider should pay more attention on meaning of spiritual health based on their culture. }, Keywords = {Spirituality, Health, Islam, Teaching, Walker &,,,, Evant, Concept Analysis, Nursing}, volume = {28}, Number = {97}, pages = {42-55}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.97.42}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2235-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2235-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Nouhi, E and Mohamadi, M and Abbaszadeh, A}, title = {Barriers to Error Reporting and Preventive Strategies from Viewpoints of Nursing Staff in Social Security Hospitals in Kerman}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aims: Errors are unavoidable in clinical practice, but it can be minimized in terms of frequency and intensity. Reporting the errors is so important and effectively avoids future errors that may cause patients harm. This study was conducted to identify barriers of error reporting by nurses and preventive strategies in social security hospitals in Kerman, Iran. Material & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the instrument was questionnaire of barriers to self- reporting errors that was made by Mardani and shahraki vahed (2009). The study population consisted of all nurses of Social Security Hospitals in Kerman (233) who were selected using census method. To analyze the information, descriptive statistics, test t, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient were applied by use of SPSS v.16 software. Answers to open-ended questions on preventive strategies were categorised into themes using content analysis aproach. Results: Average score of barriers to error reporting was moderate (69 ±13). Fear of stigma, the effect of errors on the employee annual evaluation, news release and legal consequences were the most common barriers of error reporting by nurses. The main strategies to remove the barriers of error reporting were creating a safe and friendly environment for reporting, management process and error prevention. Conclusion: Fear from the consequences of reporting errors was the major obstacles in reporting errors. Since error management still faces serious obstacles, so health authorities and managers should focus on the processes influencing nursing errors and identify ways to reduce errors including enhancing the organizational climate and job security of nursing staff. }, Keywords = {Barriers, Report, Nursing Errors, Nurses, Hospital}, volume = {28}, Number = {97}, pages = {56-65}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.97.56}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2237-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2237-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Khajeh, N and Shayof, D}, title = {The Predictive Role of Parenting Styles in Emotional Intelligence of Students}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Emotional intelligence plays a role in the all aspects of individual life through using emotions in gaining motivation and effective communication. The aim of the present study was to investigate the predictive role of parenting styles in student emotional intelligence. Materials & Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. Statistical population was including the entire girls and boys student in the Middle Schools of Gorgan city in 2010-2011 and 387 individuals (196 girls and 191 boys) were selected through multi-stage clustering sampling method. The study instruments were Baumrind Parenting Styles and Bar-An Emotion Quotient Intelligence questionnaires a. Data were analyzed by SPSS v20. Results: The results showed that parenting styles had a significant relationship with emotional intelligence of students, and they predicted 0.87 the variance of emotional intelligence. Also, the authoritative parenting styles were the strongest predictor of emotional intelligence among students with 0.71 positive predictive values. Authoritarian and permissive parenting styles explained the variations of emotional intelligence with negative prediction values of 0.62 and 0.26, respectively. Conclusion: Based on our results, parenting styles is an important agent in predicting emotional intelligence of students. Therefore it is proposed that school counselors teach proper parenting in order to improve emotional intelligence of students.}, Keywords = {Emotional Intelligence, Education, Motivation }, volume = {28}, Number = {97}, pages = {66-76}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.97.66}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2238-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2238-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Faramarzpour, M and Borhani, F and Bagheri, P}, title = {Job Satisfaction of Nurses from Clinical Practice in Jiroft University Hospitals}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Job satisfaction is the level of employees' feelings regarding their jobs in most the health care organizations nurses are the largest human resources and play a major role in the quality of services, thus their satisfaction and efficiency significantly affects the success of the organization. The current study conducted to determine the job satisfaction from clinical practice in nurses working in Jiroft university hospitals, Iran.  Material & Method: In this cross sectional study that was conducted in 2013, participants completed the standardized Luthans questionnaire with 41 questions about job satisfaction. Reliability and validity of this questionnaire were 84% and 94% respectively. SPSS software and descriptive statistic, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficients were used for data analysis. Results: The average of nurse’s job satisfaction was 2/7 ±0/5 with a minimum of 1/1 and maximum of 4/8 .The highest job satisfaction was related to pediatric and neonatal wards (p> 0/05). The lowest level of job satisfaction was related to intensive care wards. The highest score in job satisfaction was related to the “nature of nursing work” domain with average score of 3.1 and the lowest score was related to the “salary and income” domain with average score of 2.5. Conclusion: The results of current study revealed a moderate level of job satisfaction in nurses. Pay has significant influence on job satisfaction that should not be ignored. It seems the right of nurses based on Health Sector Evolution Plan in Iran is critical in job satisfaction.    }, Keywords = {Nurse, Job Satisfaction, Teaching Hospital}, volume = {28}, Number = {97}, pages = {77-86}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.97.77}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2244-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2244-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Ghamarizare, Z and Zand, GH}, title = {Views about Head Nurses’ Directional Performance in Qom Educational Hospitals}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Effectiveness of Leadership activities and Skills in nurse managers have benefits for the health organizations. In this way directional performance plays an important role. The aim of the study was to investigate the head nurses’ directional performance through self-measuring and nurse-measuring viewpoint in Qom educational hospitals in 2014. Materials & Methods: This was a descriptive study that all the head nurses (58) and nurses (202) in teaching hospitals of Qom in 2014 invited to study. Data was collected through a self-made questionnaire. This questionnaire was designed to determine the directional performance of head nurses. The analysis of internal reliability was done using the Cronbach alpha coefficient) 0.96(. Statistical analysis of data was carried out by descriptive and analytical statistics using SPSS ver. 21.0 software.  Results: Independent t-test showed a significant difference between the head nurses’ directional performance through self-measuring and nurse-measuring viewpoint (P <0.05), so that head nurses had a more favorable view relative to their directional performance. Item of "appropriate reward system based on nursing practice" was the weakest performance from the perspective of nurses. Conclusion: There is a gap between the viewpoint of nurses and head nurses about the present status of directional performance in head nurses; then it is necessary that all the nurse managers try for self-empowerment and promote the quality of the directional performance process.}, Keywords = {Directional, Head Nurse, Nurse, Management }, volume = {28}, Number = {98}, pages = {1-9}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.98.1}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2248-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2248-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Mirzaee, N and Mohammadi-Shahbolaghi, F and Nowroozi, K and Biglarian, A and Rangin, H}, title = {The Effect of Self- Management Training on Performance of Elderly Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aims: Osteoarthritis is a common disease, and one of the most important causes of disability in the elderly, with impaired performance as a prominent symptom. This study was conducted to assess the effect of self-management on performance of elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis attending an orthopedic clinic. Material & Methods: In this quasi experimental study, 88 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee were selected by convenient sampling, and consisted to intervention (44 patients) and control (44 patients) groups. Initially, performance of patients was measured using WOMAC inventory. Then, the intervention group received one 70-minute session of training program per week over 4 weeks. Next, they were given the opportunity to practice the program at home for 4 more weeks. Afterwards, performance of both groups was assessed and compared. Data collected were analyzed in SPSS-18 using Chi-square and independent t-test. Results: No significant difference was found between the two groups in mean performance before intervention (P>0/05) but after intervention, mean performance in the intervention group was significantly higher compared to the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, results showed a significant improvement in mean performance of patients in the intervention group before and after intervention (P<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in the mean performance before and after intervention in the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion: Results obtained showed improved performance in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee due to self-management training program. By using appropriate diet and pain relief methods, along with exercise, patients will be able to better tolerate exercise movements, and thus improve their performance.}, Keywords = {Self-management, Performance, Osteoarthritis of the Knee, Elderly}, volume = {28}, Number = {98}, pages = {10-20}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.98.10}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2250-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2250-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Abdi, N and Mohamadi, K and Bashti, S and Zaj, P}, title = {The Effect of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing on Patient Anxiety while Waiting Cardiac Catheterization}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aims: Cardiac catheterization is a common method in heart diseases that increase the level of anxiety in patients. Present study was conducted to indentify the efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing on anxiety of patients underwent cardiac catheterization. Material & Methods: In a clinical trial. Sixty patients that waiting for cardiac catheterization hospitalized at cardiac ward of Taleghani hospital in Tehran in 2014 were divided by random assignment into experimental and control groups. In order to collect data, demographic questionnaire and anxiety questionnaire were used. Interventions including eye movement desensitization and reprocessing were performed in up two sessions for 30 to 45 minutes. Anxiety level of patients was measured before and after intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, t-test, Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney U and Chi square tests. Results: Mean anxiety level in experimental group was 46.75± 4.18 before intervention and it was 9.51± 2.23 after intervention, so it showed a statistically significant difference (P<0/05). Mean anxiety level in control group was 47.56± 5.13 before intervention and it was 45.34± 5.11 after intervention, so it did show a statistically significant difference (P<0/05). Conclusion: The eye movement desensitization and reprocessing is a newly effective, useful, efficient and non-invasive method for treatment and reducing anxiety in patients undergo cardiac catheterization.}, Keywords = {Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, Anxiety, Cardiac Catheterization}, volume = {28}, Number = {98}, pages = {21-30}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.98.21}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2253-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2253-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Davoudi, M and Mohammadi, Y and Yazdanparast, E and AhmadiChenari, H and Eslami, H and Rajabi, R and Jesmi, AA}, title = {The effect of Multimedia Method of Education on Weight loss in Hemodialysis Patients}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Overweight and its consequences are the most important complications in hemodialysis patients. Weight Control is an important educational need in hemodialysis patient. Multimedia technology provides easy and stable learning by various forms of interaction. The present study carried out to determine the effect of multimedia training method to weight management in hemodialysis patients. Material & Methods: In a quasi-experimental research 30 hemodialysis patients were divided based on random allocation in two intervention and control groups. Data were collected by demographic data form and standardized weighing scale. In the intervention group training were given about methods of weight control. Weight measurement of patients performed before and after training. Data were analyzed using SPSS software ver. 18.0 while descriptive statistics and independent t-test were applied. Results: Comparison of means demonstrated that change in the body weight in intervention group is more than control group (1.63±1.55 VS 0.43±1.07).The average weight change between intervention and control group was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Multimedia training method was effective on weight loss in hemodialysis patients as a result this method may improve the weight management of hemodialysis patients.}, Keywords = {Body Weight, Renal Failure, Education, Hemodialysis}, volume = {28}, Number = {98}, pages = {31-38}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.98.31}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2256-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2256-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {DehghanNayeri, N and ArabAmeri, Z and Seylani, Kh}, title = {Patient’s Safety during Blood Transfusions in Hospitals Affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Blood transfusion is one of the most common procedures performed for hospitalized patients. Despite the significant contribution of these products to preserve and improve the quality of life, poor control at any stage - before, during or after the injection- can lead to complications for the patients and it can cause many risks and affect patient safety. Therefore, this study aimed to assess patient safety in the process of transfusion at the Hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical sciences. Material & Methods: This study was a descriptive and observational study. The surgical wards, emergency units and ICU were randomly selected from two hospitals. The instrument of this study was a Checklist with 38 questions developed based on the guidelines for transfusion process, as well as an extensive review of published literature. The observations performed using patients' files and nurses' performances. Data analyzed by SPSS version 16. Results: The results of the study have shown that the patient safety met favorably in less than a fifth (19.2%) prior to injection and about one third during injection (32.7%). In case of side effects, the majority of subjects had desired performance (over 70%) for treat the signs and notifying the doctor. Conclusion: According to the results, it is recommended that in-service courses be taken in the transfusion process and emphasize on observing patient safety before and during injection as a protective stage for preventing from any risk and complication. In addition, it is recommended the guidelines of the transfusion process provide to nurses so that they can implement them. }, Keywords = {Blood Transfusion, Patient Safety, Nurses, Professional Practice}, volume = {28}, Number = {98}, pages = {39-49}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.98.39}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2264-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2264-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Sabaghi, S and Nourian, M and Fallahi, M and Nasiri, M}, title = {Effect of Developmental Care on the Duration of Mechanical Ventilation in Preterm Infants}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aims: Respiratory diseases are the common cause of hospitalization of preterm infants in neonatal intensive care unit. Although mechanical ventilation has saved many infants' lives, like other treatments; it has not been without harm. Developmental care intervention is a potential method for reducing the duration of mechanical ventilation in infants. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of developmental care interventions on duration of mechanical ventilation in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome. Material & Methods: This quasi-experimental non-randomized study was conducted on 60 preterm infants of gestational age ≤33 weeks with respiratory distress syndrome who were divided into intervention and control groups. Infants in the control group received routine nursing care, and those in the intervention group received developmental care as well as routine care. Results: Mean duration of ventilation was 3.63±2.94 days in control group and 4.06±3.05 days in intervention group, with no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.57). Conclusions: According to the results obtained, developmental care interventions had no effect on duration of mechanical ventilation in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome. }, Keywords = {Premature infant, Mechanical ventilation, Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Neonatal intensive care units.}, volume = {28}, Number = {98}, pages = {50-57}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.98.50}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2269-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2269-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Dehghani, F and Abbasinia, M and Heidari, A and MohammadSalehi, N and Firoozi, F and Shakeri, M}, title = {Patient’s View about the Protection of Privacy by Healthcare Practitioners in Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom, Iran}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aims: Privacy is considered a fundamental value and one of the essential human rights that is closely with normative values, attitudes, beliefs and moral principles. Therefore, protection of patients' privacy as primary and ethical principles should be considered with all the physicians, nurses and caregivers. The study aimed to investigate the viewpoint of patients to the protection of privacy by health care practitioners of Shahid Beheshti hospital, Qom, Iran. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted on 462 patients hospitalized in Shahid Beheshti hospital of Qom, Iran. Subjects were selected by convenient sampling method. Data collection was the privacy questionnaire. Data analyzed using the Chi-Square، ANOVA and t- test. Results: The results of this study showed that the protection of patients' privacy was inappropriate in 19.3%, in the 48.2% was moderate and in the 32.5% was appropriate. Conclusion: According to the viewpoint of the most patients, the protection of privacy was moderate. Therefore, in order to increase the trust and satisfaction of patients and improving the provided services, the privacy of patients should be given more attention.}, Keywords = {Confidentiality, Privacy, Patient, Patient Rights}, volume = {28}, Number = {98}, pages = {58-66}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.98.58}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2270-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2270-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Horsan, H and FathnejadKazemi, A and Sharifi, N and Masjoudi, M}, title = {The Psychometric Properties of the Iranian Version of Postpartum Satisfaction Nursing Care Questionnaire}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Aim: Evaluation and measurement of mother’s satisfaction from postpartum cares is so important in the quality of health care indexes. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Postpartum Satisfaction Nursing Care Questionnaire (JPSNQ). Material & Methods: This study was a methodological research. At the first, the English version of questionnaire was translated to Persian with regarding of the principles relating to the translation of reliability tests. By Convenience sampling, 150 women who had given birth in the hospital of Sanandaj, Iran were selected and they were completed the Persian version of questionnaire for construct validity (exploratory factor analysis). The reliability was verified by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the correlation coefficient was confirmed by 20 participants with 10 days intervals. Data were analyzed using using SPSS software version 22. Results: The factor analysis revealed the existence of 6 factors explaining the 63.9 % of total variance explanation. The exploratory factor analysis results showed an acceptable fitting and there was a significant correlation between questions and factors. Also, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for questionnaire and the six domains were 0.94 and 0.83-0.93, respectively. Therefore there was appropriate correlation between questions, whole of questionnaire and in each domain. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.89(CI95%= CI95%=0.83-0.97) indicating good stability. Conclusion: The Iranian version of Postpartum Satisfaction Nursing Care Questionnaire including 39 items was a valid and reliable instrument to assess the satisfaction of patients from postpartum nursing care in hospitalls.}, Keywords = {Satisfaction, Postpartum Care, Psychometric, Factor analysis }, volume = {28}, Number = {98}, pages = {67-78}, publisher = {دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران}, doi = {10.29252/ijn.28.98.67}, url = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2271-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2271-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Journal of Nursing}, issn = {2008-5931}, eissn = {2008-5931}, year = {2016} }