Iran Journal of Nursing
نشریه پرستاری ایران
IJN
Medical Sciences
http://ijn.iums.ac.ir
108
journal108
2008-5931
2008-5931
10.52547/ijn
fa
jalali
1399
11
1
gregorian
2021
2
1
33
128
online
1
fulltext
fa
سلامت اجتماعی و کیفیت زندگی در بهورزان شهرستانهای قروه و دهگلان
Social Health and Quality of Life in Health Workers in Qorveh and Dehgolan, 2019
پرستاری
nursing
پژوهشي
Research
<div style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">زمینه و هدف:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">سلامت</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">اجتماعی، مفهومی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">است</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">که</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بهطور</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">فزایندهای</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">محافل</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">علمی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">سیاستگذاری</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">اجرائی اهمیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پیدا کرده</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">است.</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">از عوامل مؤثر بر سلامت اجتماعی میتوان به کیفیت زندگی اشاره کرد. کیفیت زندگی یک مفهوم چندبعدی است که عوامل مهم و متعددی نظیر وضعیت جسمی و روانی بر آن تأثیر میگذارد. </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بررسی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">کیفیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">زندگی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">به منظور تعیین</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">عملکرد</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">فیزیکی، روحی</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">-</span></span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> روانی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">اجتماعی</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">حائز</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">اهمیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">است. </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">از آنجایی که بهورزان در خط مقدم سلامت میباشند، جهت ارائه خدمت به روستاییان ضروری است از سلامت اجتماعی و کیفیت زندگی مطلوبی برخوردار باشند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تعیین</span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> سلامت اجتماعی و کیفیت زندگی در بهورزان شهرستانهای قروه و دهگلان در سال 1398 انجام شد.</span></span><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">روش بررسی:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در این مطالعه توصیفی- مقطعی </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">198 نفر بهورز شاغل در خانه</span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> بهداشت </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شهرستانهای قروه و دهگلان</span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> به صورت روش نمونهگیری سرشماری انتخاب شدند. در این پژوهش از پرسشنامه استاندارد سلامت اجتماعی </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Keyes</span></span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و پرسشنامه کیفیت زندگی </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">(36 سؤالی) استفاده </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شد. جمع آوری اطلاعات در مدت سه ماه انجام گرفت</span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">.</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">دادهها با استفاده از نرمافزار </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">SPSS</span></span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> نسخه 16 مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت.</span></span><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">یافتهها: </span></span></strong><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">یافتههای پژوهش حاضر نشان داد</span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> .</span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نمره کل سلامت اجتماعی </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">6/7 </span></span><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">± </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">28/69 درصد </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بود که بیانگر </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">حد متوسط</span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> سلامت اجتماعی در بهورزان میباشد. بالاترین و پایینترین میانگین نمره کسب شده در بین ابعاد سلامت اجتماعی به ترتیب انسجام اجتماعی با میانگین </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">67/20 </span></span><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">± </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">09/4 </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و پذیرش اجتماعی با میانگین </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">64/0 </span></span><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">±</span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">96 /2 </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بود.</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نمره کل کیفیت زندگی بهورزان </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">برابر </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">87/20 </span></span><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">± </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">30/63 درصد میباشد </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">که بیانگر کیفیت زندگی متوسط در آنان است</span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">. کیفیت زندگی در بعد کارکرد جسمی با میانگین </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">74/29 </span></span><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">± </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">35/73 </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بالاترین و در بعد سلامت عمومی با میانگین </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">74/21 </span></span><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">± </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">82/57 </span></span><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پایینترین میانگین نمره بود. </span></span><br>
<strong><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نتیجهگیری کلی</span></span></span></strong>: <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پژوهش حاضر نشان داد </span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">سلامت اجتماعی بهورزان از میانه نمره ابزار یعنی 60 بالاتر و در حد متوسط بود. همچنین کیفیت زندگی بهورزان در حد متوسط بود متغیر کیفیت زندگی و سلامت اجتماعی، مفهومی پویا است و با مرور زمان دستخوش تغییر و دگرگونی میشود</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">.</span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> بررسی و سنجش این مفهوم، وضعیت توسعه انسانی در جامعه را به تصویر میکشد. بنابراین بررسی مستمر کیفیت زندگی و سلامت اجتماعی ضروری است.</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> نظام سلامت، زمانی کارایی مطلوب را خواهد داشت که در طراحی و مدیریت آن، مشکلات و نیازهای کارکنان آن نیز لحاظ گردد. نتایج این مطالعه اهمیت اجرای مداخلات آموزش بهداشت و ارتقای سلامت در زمینه سلامت اجتماعی و کیفیت زندگی در بین کارکنان را روشن میسازد.</span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background & Aims:</strong> Health workers are the most fundamental elements of the health system whose mission is to improve the health of the rural community. Assessing and measuring the level of health is one of the important health issues. Health is a broad concept with multiple dimensions including physical, mental, and social health. Social health is a concept that has become increasingly important in scientific, policy, and executive circles. Social health emphasizes aspects of health related to a person's relationship with other people or the communities in which he lives. One of the factors affecting social health is quality of life. Quality of life is a multidimensional concept affected by many important factors such as physical and mental conditions. Assessing the quality of life is important in order to determine physical, mental, and social performance. These dimensions can be discussed independently, but there is a correlation between them. Certainly, the development of health promotion programs in the community, regardless of the social and cultural context of the community in question leads to inefficient solutions. Despite the importance of health workers' work, their high volume of work, and pathological consequences, few studies are conducted on the qualitative and social fields of health workers. As a result, it is necessary to pay attention to their physical, mental, and social health and quality of life. Achieving goals in the field of health requires preventing death, reducing disability, improving the quality of life, and efficient workforce. Since health workers are at the forefront of health care centers, it is necessary to have good social health and quality of life to provide services to villagers. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the social health and quality of life in health workers in Qorveh and Dehgolan in 2019. <span dir="RTL"></span><br>
<strong>Materials & Methods:</strong> This study was conducted to evaluate the social health and quality of life of health workers in Qorveh and Dehgolan cities affiliated to Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study and included 198 health workers working in health centers in Qorveh and Dehgolan cities. Among them, 87 were working in 42 health centers of Dehgolan and 111 in 58 health centers of Qorveh. Samples were selected by census sampling method. After obtaining approval from the Research Ethics Committee and receiving a letter of introduction from Iran University of Medical Sciences and submitting it to Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, the researcher obtained permission to participate in the research. In order to observe ethical considerations, the researcher first explained the objectives and method of the study to the officials of Qorveh and Dehgolan health centers, and in collaboration with them attended the workshops where the researcher attended as a lecturer and after obtaining informed consent, the researched distributed demographic information form, Social Health Questionnaire, and SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire among health workers to complete in 10 days and deliver to Qorveh health workers, and then to Dehgolan Welfare Training Center, and subsequently to Dehgolan Health Center. The researcher thanked the health workers and collected the information of the health workers who were absent during the workshops hold in the health centers. After collecting information which lasted for 3 months, the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.<br>
<strong>Results:</strong> The findings of the present study showed that most of the health workers participating in this study were women, their average age was 37 years, the majority were married, and officially employed, and had a diploma degree. Most of them assessed their economic situation as moderate, owned a house, and had no underlying diseases. The total score of social health was 69.28 <span dir="RTL">±</span> 7.6 which indicates the average social health in health workers. The highest and lowest mean scores obtained among the dimensions of social health were social cohesion with an average of 4.09 <span dir="RTL">±</span> 20.67 and social acceptance with an average of 2.96 <span dir="RTL">±</span> 0.64, respectively. The total score of quality of life of health workers was 63.30 <span dir="RTL">±</span> 20.87, which indicates their average quality of life. Quality of life was the highest in the dimension of physical function with an average of 73.35 <span dir="RTL">±</span> 29.74, and was the lowest in the dimension of general health with an average of 57.82 <span dir="RTL">±</span> 21.74. Also, the physical health dimension with an average of 63.85 <span dir="RTL">±</span> 24.58 was higher than the mental health dimension with an average of 62.75 <span dir="RTL">±</span> 21.29. The only variable that had a statistically significant relationship with the social health of health workers was housing status (p = 0.005). Tukey's multiple comparison showed that the average score of social health obtained for health workers with a private home was significantly higher than those with a rental house (p = 0.005), and the difference was not significant in other cases. But all demographic variables of health workers had a statistically significant relationship with quality of life. The results showed that the quality of life in male health workers compared to the females (p = 0.012), health workers with diploma degree compared to health workers with secondary education (p <0.001), single health workers compared to married ones (p <0.001), and health workers who had no history of disease was higher (p <0.001). Age was another variable that had a statistically significant relationship with quality of life (p <0.001). Quality of life in health workers with formal employment was significantly lower than corporate health workers (p <0.001) and also contracted ones (p = 0.007), and this difference was not significant at other levels. Quality of life in health workers with more than 20 years of experience was significantly lower than health workers with 10 - 19 years of experience (p <0.001) and also less than 10 years of experience (p <0.001). The quality of life in health workers with poor economic status was significantly lower than those with average economic status (p = 0.04) and this difference was not significant at other levels. Housing status was another variable that had a statistically significant relationship with quality of life (p = 0.009). Also, the mean score of quality of life obtained for health workers with a private home was significantly higher than those with a rental house (p = 0.018) and in other cases this difference was not significant.<span dir="RTL"></span><br>
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> The present study showed that the social health of health workers was average and higher than the mean score of 60. The highest and lowest scores obtained in the dimensions of social health were social cohesion and social acceptance, respectively. Also, the quality of life of health workers was moderate. Health workers obtained the highest score in the physical function dimension and the lowest score in the general health dimension. The mean score in the physical dimension was higher than the mental health dimension. The study on the effect of demographic variables showed that the only variable with a statistically significant relationship with social health was housing status and the difference was not significant for the other cases. All demographic variables of health workers had a statistically significant relationship with quality of life. Variables of quality of life and social health are dynamic concepts that change over time. Examining and measuring this concept depicts the status of human development in society, so continuous monitoring of quality of life and social health is essential. The health system will have the desired efficiency when the problems and needs of its employees are taken into account in its design and management. The results of this study highlight the importance of implementing health education and health promotion interventions in the field of social health and quality of life among employees.<br>
</div>
سلامت اجتماعی, کیفیت زندگی, بهورزان
Social Health, Quality of Life, Health Workers
40
53
http://ijn.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2609-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
M
Maleki
مرضیه
مالکی
10800319475328460026045
10800319475328460026045
No
MS., Community Health Education, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
کارشناسی ارشد آموزش سلامت جامعه نگر، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران
S
Janmohammadi
سارا
جان محمدی
10800319475328460026046
10800319475328460026046
Yes
Department of Community Health Nursing , School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding author) Tel: 09122763572 Email: Janmohammadi.s@iums.ac.ir
گروه آموزشی بهداشت جامعه، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران، (نویسنده مسئول) شماره تماس: 09122763572 Email: Janmohammadi.s@iums.ac.ir
Z
Ahmadi
زهرا
احمدی
10800319475328460026047
10800319475328460026047
No
Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
گروه آموزشی بهداشت جامعه، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران
H
Haghani
حمید
حقانی
10800319475328460026048
10800319475328460026048
No
Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
گروه آمارزیستی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران